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Churches in the Irish Landscape Ad 400-1100 (Hardcover)
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Churches in the Irish Landscape Ad 400-1100 (Hardcover)
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Between the fifth century and the ninth, several thousand churches
were founded in Ireland, a greater density than most other regions
of Europe. This period saw fundamental changes in settlement
patterns, agriculture, social organisation, rituals and beliefs,
and churches are an important part of that story. The premise of
this book is that landscape archaeology is one of the most fruitful
ways to study them. By looking at where they were placed in
relation to pagan ritual and royal sites, burial grounds, and
settlements, and how they fared over the centuries, we can map the
shifting strategies of kings, clerics and ordinary people. The
result is a fascinating new perspective on this formative period,
with wider implications for the study of social power and religious
change elsewhere in Europe. The earliest churches, founded at a
time of religious diversity (400-550), were often within royal
landscapes, showing that some sections of the elite chose to make
space for the new religion. These often lost out to new monasteries
positioned at a remove from core royal land, making it possible to
grant them the great estates on which their wealth was based
(550-800). Now, however, founding churches was no longer a
prerogative of kings for we see numerous lesser churches outside
these estates. In this way middle-ranking people helped transform
the landscape and shape religious cultures in which rituals and
beliefs of local origin co-existed alongside Christianity. Finally,
in the Viking Age (800-1100), some lesser churches were abandoned
while community churches began to exert more of a gravitational
pull, foreshadowing the later medieval parish system.
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