The crucial period of Chinese history, 220-960, falls naturally
into contrasting phases. The first phase, also known as that of
"early medieval China," is an age of political decentralization.
Following the breakup of the Han empire, China was plunged into
civil war and fragmentation and stayed divided for nearly four
centuries. The second phase started in 589, during the Sui dynasty,
when China was once again brought under a single government. Under
the Sui, the bureaucracy was revitalized, the military
strengthened, and the taxation system reformed. The fall of the Sui
in 618 gave way to the even stronger Tang dynasty, which represents
an apogee of traditional Chinese civilization. Inheriting all the
great institutions developed under the Sui, the Tang made great
achievements in poetry, painting, music, and architecture. The An
Lushan rebellion, which also took place during Tang rule, brought
about far-reaching changes in the socioeconomic, political, and
military arenas. What transpired in the second half of the Tang and
the ensuing Five Dynasties provided the foundation for the next age
of late imperial China. The A to Z of Medieval China fills an
urgent need for a standard reference tailored to the interest of
Western academics and readers. The history of medieval China is
related through the book's introductory essay, maps, a table of
Dynastic Periods, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced
dictionary entries on key people, historical geography, arts,
institutions, events, and other important terms.
General
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