Exchanges of women between men occur regularly in Greek
tragedy--and almost always with catastrophic results. Instead of
cementing bonds between men, such exchanges rend them. They allow
women, who should be silent objects, to become monstrous subjects,
while men often end up as lifeless corpses. But why do the
tragedies always represent the transferal of women as
disastrous?
Victoria Wohl offers an illuminating analysis of the exchange of
women in Sophocles' Trachiniae, Aeschylus' Agamemnon, and
Euripides' Alcestis. She shows how the attempts of women in these
plays to become active subjects rather than passive objects of
exchange inevitably fail. While these failures seem to validate
male hegemony, the women's actions, however futile, blur the
distinction between male subject and female object, calling into
question the very nature of the tragic self. What the tragedies
thus present, Wohl asserts, is not only an affirmation of Athens'
reigning ideologies (including its gender hierarchy) but also the
possibility of resistance to them and the imagination of
alternatives.
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