The focus of this book is on the decentralization reforms
legislated by the Socialist government in France from 1982 to 1986.
These reforms redefined the role of the central state in the
periphery and gave extensive new powers to territorial governments.
In order to more fully assess the causes and effects of this recent
decentralization, Vivien Schmidt examines these reforms and their
impact in comparative historical perspective. The first part of the
book traces the history of decentralization from the French
Revolution to the present, highlighting the significant reforms at
the beginning of the Third Republic in the 1870s. The second part
of the book analyzes the actual impact of the reforms of both the
1870s and the 1980s on local government institutions and processes.
Professor Schmidt uses an innovative mix of methods borrowed from
political sociology and cultural anthropology, combined with
historical analysis and extensive interviews of national and local
politicians and civil servants. Her analysis allows her to explain
how in a governmental system as formally centralized as that of
France, local officials nevertheless managed to develop informal
rules that gave them more power than the laws allowed. The
Socialists in the Fifth Republic, she explains, formalized this
previously established informal system. The book provides important
new theoretical insights into the changing nature of the French
state in addition to revealing significant historical patterns,
particularly in the parallel between the role of decentralization
in the Third and Fifth Republics.
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