What was once described as an undesirable swampland has been
transformed into one of the most beautiful and wealthiest
neighborhoods in America. Chicago's Gold Coast neighborhood,
developed in the late 1800s, was first called the Astor Street
District. It was named after one of the first multimillionaires in
the United States, John Jacob Astor--even though Astor never lived
in Chicago. In 1885, Astor Street District's first mansion was
built. Potter Palmer, a dry goods merchant and owner of the Palmer
House Hotel, built his palatial, castle-like residence on the
corner of Lake Shore Drive and Banks Street; inside the Palmer
mansion were 42 lavishly furnished rooms, which required 26
servants to maintain. Many wealthy Chicagoans followed Palmer's
lead and built mansions in the neighborhood. Several homes took up
an entire city block and, as time progressed, the name Gold Coast
was adopted. On January 30, 1978, the entire Gold Coast district
was listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
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