This is the second volume in a six-volume translation of the
major writings of Wilhelm Dilthey (1833-1911), a philosopher and
historian of culture who continues to have a significant influence
on Continental philosophy and a broad range of scholarly
disciplines. In addition to his landmark works on the theories of
history and the human sciences, Dilthey made important
contributions to hermeneutics, phenomenology, aesthetics,
psychology, and the methodology of the social sciences.
This volume presents Dilthey's main theoretical works from the
1890s, the period between the" Introduction to the Human Sciences"
and "The Formation of the Historical World." A common thread of the
writings included here is an interest in the relation between the
self and the world.
In "The Origin of Our Belief in the Reality of the External
World and Its Justification," Dilthey argues that our engagement
with the world is rooted in our practical drives and the resistance
they meet. The basic nexus of our beliefs about reality is
volitional rather than representational. The next essay, "Life and
Cognition," examines the main categories with which we organize our
experience of life into an understanding of the human world:
selfsameness; doing and undergoing; and essentiality.
These categorial relations are further articulated with the aid
of Dilthey's structural psychology in ways that rival some of the
insights of phenomenology. This occurs in "The Ideas for a
Descriptive and Analytic Psychology." By focusing on how lived
experience places everything in a temporal continuum that can be
described and analyzed, Dilthey saw the opportunity to establish a
structural psychology that could be of great use to the human
sciences in general.
In the final essay, "Contributions to the Study of
Individuality," Dilthey attacks Windelband's thesis that the human
sciences are idiographic. Many human sciences have systematic and
structural aims that combine the study of uniformities with the
examination of individuation. Applying the comparative method,
Dilthey argues that living beings share many basic similarities
within which typical variations tend to recur. For human
individuation, however, the specification of the historical nexus
is also essential.
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