In the 1990s federal laws were created to encourage the teaching
and speaking of American Indian languages. The "Dictionary of
Jicarilla Apache," developed within the auspices of the Jicarilla
Apache Nation Cultural Preservation Program with support from the
Jicarilla Apache Nation Tribal Council and funding from the
National Science Foundation, provides documentation of Jicarilla
Apache, an Eastern Apachean language, and is intended to provide
the basis for classroom and home teaching of the language. This is
the first large-scale dictionary of any of the Eastern Apachean
languages.
The editors are scholars specializing in Native American
languages who worked with Wilhelmina Phone, Maureen Olson, and
Matilda Martinez, native Jicarilla speakers. Together they created
this dictionary, which will be a valuable teaching and learning
tool for instructing children and young adults in the Jicarilla
Apache community who otherwise have no sustained contact with their
heritage language. Today there are fewer than three hundred native
speakers of Jicarilla Apache, and the majority of them are elderly.
The school-age population is in the hundreds and this dictionary
has been specifically developed to support language learning in
their schools. Other Apachean peoples, as well as linguists and
anthropologists, will find the dictionary useful as well.
Included here are over five thousand entries organized both
alphabetically and by semantic field. The "Dictionary" also
includes a grammatical sketch of the language and a guide to using
the dictionary, in addition to the Jicarilla Apache to English
dictionary, an English to Jicarilla index, and a lexicon organized
according to semantic domainssuch as plants, animals, household
items, etc., and for nouns and for verbs and semantic and
grammatical groupings such as descriptions, activities, and motion
verbs.
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