Baron Roman Fedorovich von Ungern-Sternberg (1885 1921) was a
Baltic German aristocrat and tsarist military officer who fought
against the Bolsheviks in Eastern Siberia during the Russian Civil
War. From there he established himself as the de facto warlord of
Outer Mongolia, the base for a fantastical plan to restore the
Russian and Chinese empires, which then ended with his capture and
execution by the Red Army as the war drew to a close.
In The Baron s Cloak, Willard Sunderland tells the epic story of
the Russian Empire s final decades through the arc of the Baron s
life, which spanned the vast reaches of Eurasia. Tracking Ungern s
movements, he transits through the Empire s multinational
borderlands, where the country bumped up against three other doomed
empires, the Habsburg, Ottoman, and Qing, and where the violence
unleashed by war, revolution, and imperial collapse was
particularly vicious. In compulsively readable prose that draws on
wide-ranging research in multiple languages, Sunderland recreates
Ungern s far-flung life and uses it to tell a compelling and
original tale of imperial success and failure in a momentous
time.
Sunderland visited the many sites that shaped Ungern s
experience, from Austria and Estonia to Mongolia and China, and
these travels help give the book its arresting geographical feel.
In the early chapters, where direct evidence of Ungern s activities
is sparse, he evokes peoples and places as Ungern would have
experienced them, carefully tracing the accumulation of influences
that ultimately came together to propel the better documented, more
notorious phase of his career
Recurring throughout Sunderland s magisterial account is a
specific artifact: the Baron s cloak, an essential part of the
cross-cultural uniform Ungern chose for himself by the time of his
Mongolian campaign: an orangey-gold Mongolian kaftan embroidered in
the Khalkha fashion yet outfitted with tsarist-style epaulettes on
the shoulders. Like his cloak, Ungern was an imperial product. He
lived across the Russian Empire, combined its contrasting cultures,
fought its wars, and was molded by its greatest institutions and
most volatile frontiers. By the time of his trial and execution
mere months before the decree that created the USSR, he had become
a profoundly contradictory figure, reflecting both the empire s
potential as a multinational society and its ultimately
irresolvable limitations."
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