The principal aim of this study was to use the concept of image
defocus related to feature depth in order to develop a system
capable of converting a 2- dimensional greyscale image into a
3-dimensional depth map. An advantage of this concept over
techniques such as stereo imaging is that there is no so-called
'correspondence problem' where the corresponding location of a
feature or landmark point must be identified in each of the stereo
images. The majority - and the most successful - of previous
researchers in DfD have used some variation of a 'two-image'
technique in order to separate the contribution of the original
scene features from the defocus effect. The best of those have
achieved results typically in the range of 1% to 2% error in the
accuracy of depth estimation. This book presents a single-image
method of generating a high-density, high-accuracy depth map via
the evaluation of the edge profiles of a projected structured light
pattern. The final solution generates a depth map of up to 240,000
spatially invariant depth estimates per scene image, with an
accuracy of within +/- 0.5% over a depth range of 10cm.
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