A joint task force (JTF) is established when the scope, complexity,
or other factors of the contingency or crisis require capabilities
of Services from at least two Military Departments operating under
a single joint force commander (JFC). The JTF establishing
authority designates the commander, joint task force (CJTF),
assigns the mission, designates forces, delegates command
authorities and relationships, and provides other command and
control (C2) guidance necessary for the CJTF to form the joint
force and begin operations. The appropriate authority may establish
a JTF on a geographic or functional basis or a combination of the
two. In either case, the establishing authority typically assigns a
joint operations area (JOA) to the JTF. The size, composition,
capabilities, and other attributes will vary significantly among
JTFs based on the mission and various factors of the operational
environment, such as the adversary, the geography of the JO A, the
nature of the crisis (e.g., flood, earthquake), and the time
available to accomplish the mission. Joint functions are related
capabilities and activities grouped together to help the JFC and
component commanders integrate, synchronize, and direct joint
operations. Functions that are common to joint operations at all
levels of war fall into six basic groups: C2, intelligence, fires,
movement and maneuver, protection, and sustainment. The Basic
Element of the JTF Staff is the Directorate. Typically, these are
the manpower and personnel directorate of a joint staff (J-1),
intelligence directorate of a joint staff (J-2), operations
directorate of a joint staff (J-3), logistics directorate of a
joint staff (J-4), plans directorate of a joint staff (J-5), and
communications system directorate of a joint staff (J-6). The CJTF,
joint force staff, and components may operate with m any
interorganizational partners throughout the course of a single
operation. The nature of interaction and considerations (type,
authorities, protocols, etc.) vary with each potential partner.
This publication provides joint doctrine for the formation and
employment of a JTF HQ to C2 joint operations. It provides guidance
on the role of the JTF HQ in planning, preparing, executing, and
assessing JTF operations.
General
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