This book is the first comprehensive examination of medical
ethics in the Renaissance. It investigates the ethical
considerations, evaluations of procedures, and techniques of
problem-solving in the writings of European physicians and surgeons
from the mid-sixteenth through the mid-seventeenth centuries.
While much of the medical practice and literature of the
Renaissance remained a continuation or reinterpretation of ancient
medicine, Winfried Schleiner reveals an emerging self-conscious
field of medical ethics that should be considered modern, as it
increasingly separates medicine from theology, the cure of the body
from that of the soul. The exceptions to this trend appear in the
discussions of certain sexual topics, such as masturbation, by
physicians close to the Counter-Reformation. Analyzing the writings
of Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish physicians -- the latter
developed the most secular medical ethics of the era -- he probes
the dominant and emerging philosophical ideas together with
conceptions of the role of physicians and of physical
well-being.
Schleiner selects several topics to explore the development of
ethical ideas in depth: placebos and the broader issue of lying to
patients; the treatment of hysteria; masturbation; and the
prevention of sexually transmitted diseases -- subjects that are
still highly charged moral as well as medical topics today.
This pioneering study will be of value to ethicists and to
historians of science, medicine, and Renaissance and gender
studies.
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