Since Aristotle, many different theories of distributive justice
have been proposed, by philosophers as well as social scientists.
The typical approach within social choice theory is to assess these
theories in an axiomatic way - most of the time the reader is
confronted with abstract reasoning and logical deductions. This
book shows that empirical insights are necessary if one wants to
apply any theory of justice in the real world. It does so by
confronting the main theories of distributive justice with data
from (mostly) questionnaire experiments. The book starts with an
extensive discussion on why empirical social choice makes sense and
how it should be done. It then presents various experimental
results relating to theories of distributive justice, including the
Rawlsian equity axiom, Harsanyi's version of utilitarianism,
utilitarianism with a floor, responsibility-sensitive
egalitarianism, the claims problem and fairness in health.
General
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