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This volume reviews a series of different publications dealing with
orotic acid. Orotic acid was isolated from cow's milk 75 years ago
by Biscaro and Belloni in Italy. Fifty years later again Italian
scientists described the growth-promoting activity of orotic acid
in vitamin B -deficient animals. 12 Orotic acid is the precursor of
pyrimidine nucleotides which are involved in many biochemical
reactions: UTP and CTP, as substrates for RNA polymerase, and UDP
sugars, as substrates for carbohydrate containing macromolecules,
e.g. glycogen, glycoproteins and glycolipids. The biosynthesis of
these pyrimidines is well regulated. Disturbance of the
biosynthetic pathway or trapping of individual pyrimidine
nucleotides may lead to severe metabolic and structural alterations
of cells. Synthesis, biochemical aspects and physiological role are
reviewed in nine chapters. In the last two decades increasing
interest in orotic acid came from several studies showing
protective or therapeutic or beneficial effects of this compound in
different kinds of organ injuries: various forms of hepatic
insufficiency, myocardial infarction, encephalopathy, memorization
pro cesses, mentioned in Chapters 8 and 9. At the end of this
overview a Bibliography in an alphabetical order with 673
references may give further insight in this topic."
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