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Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar, held in Lyon, May
25-27, 1983
Proceedings of the Third International Seminar on the Results of EC
Geothermal Energy Research, held in Munich, 29 November-1 December,
1983
In this book, the Commission of the European Communities presents
the proceedings of the Workshop on Solar Central Receiver Projects,
held in Varese, I taly, in June 1984. This Workshop was supported
by all operators of solar tower power plants around the world and,
as a result, these proceedings provide a comprehensive overview of
the technology in its current state of development. The Workshop
was organized by the Commission of the European Communities in the
frame of the second solar energy R&D programme under the
responsibility of its Di rectorate-General (X 11) for Science,
Research and Development in Brussels. The meeting place, Varese, in
Italy, was selected because of its neighbourhood to the Ispra
Establishment of the Commission's Joint Research Centre who
cooperated in the organization of the Workshop. Solar power plants
of the central receiving type have two conflicting characteristics:
they employ very simple and classical components but as a system
they are of tremendous complexity. It was the hope for rapid
progress by using available components that guided the decisions
taken in the late seventies to build six large experimental plants:
four in Europe, one in Japan and one in the United States. At that
time, this technology enjoyed high priority in solar energy R&D
around the world. Once the plants were completed, however, it
became clear that the technical complexity combined with difficult
meteorological conditions at most construction sites made the
yields less favourable than anticipated.
In this book, the Commission of the European Communities presents
the proceedings of the Workshop on Solar Central Receiver Projects,
held in Varese, I taly , in June 1984. This Workshop was supported
by all operators of solar tower power plants around the world and,
as a result, these proceedings provide a comprehensive overview of
the technology in its current state of development. The Workshop
was organized by the Commission of the European Communities in the
frame of the second solar energy R&D programme under the
responsibility of its Di rectorate-General (X 11) for Science,
Research and Development in Brussels. The meeting place, Varese, in
Italy, was selected because of its neighbourhood to the Ispra
Establishment of the Commission's Joint Research Centre who
cooperated in the organization of the Workshop. Solar power plants
of the central receiving type have two conflicting characteristics:
they employ very simple and classical components but as a system
they are of tremendous complexity. It was the hope for rapid
progress by using available components that guided the decisions
taken in the late seventies to build six large experimental plants:
four in Europe, one in Japan and one in the United States. At that
time, this technology enjoyed high priority in solar energy R&D
around the world. Once the plants were completed, however, it
became clear that the technical complexity combined with difficult
meteorological conditions at most construction sites made the
yields less favourable than anticipated.
(see English translation on page 13) L'HYDROGENE, GAZ DE GRANDE
DIFFUSION ? par Monsieur Maurice LEGRAND *President des Houilleres
de Bassin du Centre et du Midi, Paris Voici rnaintenant dix ans que
Les concepts d'Hydrogene energetique ou d'Econornie, voire de
Civilisation, de L'Hydrogene sont debattus et donnent Lieu a des
prograrnrnes de recherche significatifs. Au rnornent d'ouvrir cette
presentation des travaux du prernier prograrnrne de recherche sur
L'Hydrogene ausein de La Cornrnunaute, je voudrais revenir
rapidernent sur Le chernin parcouru et en degager quelques
reflexions pour L'avenir. Et d'abord pourquoi est ne cet interet
pour L'Hydrogene? Rappelons-nous Les analyses qui prevalaient il y
a dix ans. A L'epoque Les hydrocarbures sont ornnipresents a des
couts defiant taute concurrence. On prevoit Leur
rarefactionprogressive s'accornpagnant de La rnontee concornitante
des prix. C'est a cette releve ineluctable rnais Lente qu'il faut
faire face et L'issue est attendue du nucleaire, un nucleaire au
derneurant sans problerne d'acceptabilite, et dont Les couts bien
rnaitrises Lui perrnettront de s'irnposer des que Les hydrocarbures
arnorce- ront La rernontee de Leurs prix. Le problerne est des Lors
de preparer cette penetration du nucleaire. -7- Par l'electricite
d'abord puisque plusieurs filieres sont disponibles pour cela. Mais
la substitution aux produits petroliers de l'electricite, qui est
produit avec des rendements modestes, qui ne se stocke pas et qui
ob- lige a des modifications dans les usages, apparait vite
limitee.
The first crisis in energy prices was undoubtedly a strong stimulus
for the involvement of the Commission of the European Communities
in research and development on alternative energy sources. Indeed,
the need to overcome difficulties faced by the Community as a
whole, particularly those resulting from its severely unbalanced
energy supply, made a common Community approach seem especially
apt. This reasoning also applies to energy R&D, bearing in mind
that responses to the crisis should be not only political or
economic, but also scientific. Four years have passed since the
decision of the Council of Ministers to launch the first Community
Energy Research and Development Programme, dealing with geothermal
energy, solar energy, hydrogen production and utili sation, energy
conservation and energy systems analysis. A seminar on geo thermal
energy was held two years ago to report on work in progress at the
half-way stage of the four-year programme. The second international
seminar, reported in this volume, was arrang ed so as to provide an
opportunity to examine the final outcome of this Community
investment in research in geothermal energy. This proceedings
volume therefore has two main aims: - to present an evaluation of
the results of the Community geothermal programme, by means of 83
formal reports describing the individual research programmes; - to
show how the Community research programme fits into the overall
context of national and international research on geothermal
energy, by including the presentations of six guest speakers who
introduced the sessions and gave keynote addresses."
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