This book empirically explores assessment of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) writing in different Arab world contexts at the university level, which often presents a challenge for teachers and students alike. Analysing a number of different practices throughout the chapters including peer assessment, self-assessment, e-rubrics and writing coherence, the authors highlight different issues and challenges that affect the assessment of EFL writing in the Arab world, and provide valuable insights into how it can be improved. This book is sure to become an important practical resource for practitioners, researchers, professors and graduate students working on EFL writing in this region.

This book presents a detailed review of the mineral deposits and occurrences in the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS), including their distribution, mineralization styles, economic importance, and geological controls on the mineralization. The purpose of the book is to compile the results of past and recent investigations on mineral deposits and occurrences in the ANS that covering the countries of (Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea, and Ethiopia). In this regard, it discusses in detail the various genetic mineralization styles in the ANS including: (1) magmatic mineral deposits associated with mafic-ultramafic rocks (e.g. chromite, Ni-Cu-Co-PGE magmatic sulfides, Fe-Ti-V oxides), (2) intrusion-related (magmatic-hydrothermal) deposits associated with felsic to intermediate rocks (porphyry, epithermal Au-Ag/sulfide vein type family, skarn, granite-related pegmatite-REE deposits), (3) hydrothermal orogenic gold and volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, as well as (4) surficial mineral deposits (chemical-sedimentary, residual, mechanical and supergene enrichment deposits).

Teaching EFL Writing in the 21st Century Arab World addresses a range of issues related to researching and teaching EFL writing in different countries in the Arab World including Egypt, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Tunisia, UAE and Yemen. Both theoretically and practically grounded, chapters within discuss the different contexts in which EFL writing is taught, from primary school to university. The book sheds light on how EFL writing is learned and taught at each educational stage, exposing the different challenges encountered in the teaching and learning. The focus on EFL writing in the Arab World makes this a unique and long overdue contribution to the field of research around EFL writing and will be an invaluable resource for researchers, curriculum designers and students.

This book empirically explores assessment of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) writing in different Arab world contexts at the university level, which often presents a challenge for teachers and students alike. Analysing a number of different practices throughout the chapters including peer assessment, self-assessment, e-rubrics and writing coherence, the authors highlight different issues and challenges that affect the assessment of EFL writing in the Arab world, and provide valuable insights into how it can be improved. This book is sure to become an important practical resource for practitioners, researchers, professors and graduate students working on EFL writing in this region.

This book presents a detailed review of the mineral deposits and occurrences in the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS), including their distribution, mineralization styles, economic importance, and geological controls on the mineralization. The purpose of the book is to compile the results of past and recent investigations on mineral deposits and occurrences in the ANS that covering the countries of (Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea, and Ethiopia). In this regard, it discusses in detail the various genetic mineralization styles in the ANS including: (1) magmatic mineral deposits associated with mafic-ultramafic rocks (e.g. chromite, Ni-Cu-Co-PGE magmatic sulfides, Fe-Ti-V oxides), (2) intrusion-related (magmatic-hydrothermal) deposits associated with felsic to intermediate rocks (porphyry, epithermal Au-Ag/sulfide vein type family, skarn, granite-related pegmatite-REE deposits), (3) hydrothermal orogenic gold and volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, as well as (4) surficial mineral deposits (chemical-sedimentary, residual, mechanical and supergene enrichment deposits).

This volume constitutes short papers and DETECT 2022 workshop papers, presented during the 11th International Conference on Model and Data Engineering, MEDI 2022, held in Cairo, Egypt, in November 2022. The 11 short papers presented were selected from the total of 65 submissions. This volume also contains the 4 accepted papers from the DETECT 2022 workshop, held at MEDI 2022. The volume focuses on advances in data management and modelling, including topics such as data models, data processing, database theory, database systems technology, and advanced database applications.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Model and Data Engineering, MEDI 2022, held in Cairo, Egypt, in November 2022. The 18 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 65 submissions. The papers cover topics such as database systems, data stream analysis, knowledge-graphs, machine learning, model-driven engineering, image processing, diagnosis, natural language processing, optimization, and advanced applications such as the internet of things and healthcare.

It is a book of food hygiene, including food analysis either chemical or microbiological.It also contain the food microbiology including, sources of contamination, food born pathogens, food borne parasites, biological toxins, as wllas public health significance of the microbiology of food .The book contains the food chemistry including food additives as nitrites, organic acids...etc, and accidental food contaminants as heavy metals, pesticides, PCBs.The control measures in the book includes HACCP as well as decontaminators.The book contains the consumer protection from illness resulting from foodborn disease either microbial pathogen or chemical toxic substances which enter the food or

For thousands of years, Eastern cultures have revered mushrooms health benefits. Mushrooms have long been celebrated as a source of powerful nutrients, . Often grouped with vegetables mushrooms provide many of the nutritional attributes of produce, as well as attributes more commonly found in meat, beans or grains. Mushrooms are low in calories, fat-free, cholesterol-free and very low in sodium, yet they provide important nutrients, including selenium, potassium, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin D and more. Nutrient Composition: The focus on the nutritional value of brightly colored fruits and vegetables has unintentionally left mushrooms in the dark. Mushrooms provide a number of nutrients: Mushrooms are a good source of B vitamins, including riboflavin, niacin, and pantothenic acid, which help to provide energy by breaking down proteins, fats and carbohydrates. B vitamins also play an important role in the nervous system. Pantothenic acid helps with the production of hormones and also plays an important role in the nervous system. Riboflavin helps maintain healthy red blood cells. Niacin promotes healthy skin and makes sure the digestive and nervous systems function prope

This study includes the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFPH) and Tetracaine hydrochloride (TCH) drugs by conventional ion-selective electrode (ISE) and flow injection potentiometry (FIP). Chapter one describe general introduction about ISE and FIP with review of its applications in pharmaceutical analysis. While chapter two describe chemicals, apparatus, preparation of standard solutions, and construction of membrane electrodes. Chapter three and four showed the results and discussion of TFPH and TCH ion-selective electrodes. The electrodes were characterized in terms of composition, usable pH range, life span, response time and the selectivity coefficient. The best electrodes were successfully applied for the determination of TFPH and TCH in pharmaceutical formulations. Chapter five and six describe the results and discussion of TFPH and TCH PVC-based membranes containg the ionophores -, - and -cyclodextrins, dibenzo-18-crown-6 and dibenzo-30-crown-10 ether and their response towards TFPH and TCH using FIP. A FIP condition was also studied. The best sensors were applied to the determination of TFPH and TCH in pharmaceutical preparations and human urine.

This work introduce four chapters, chapter one include the weed ecology, its classification and pictures of some weeds. Chapter two contains some non-traditional methods of weed control such as mulching, solarization, irrigation systems, herbicides-fertilizer interaction and biological control. Chapter three involves weed control in some horticulture orchards and crops and the last chapter is references. The aim of this work, raising the standard of living for human and protect them from hunger by increasing the production of agriculture