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Recently, attempts have been made to understand the patterns of
corporate technological diversification and their implications in
economic and managerial dimensions. This book consolidates these
attempts and breaks new ground by examining the patterns of
technological diversification, and their relationship with
internationalisation, economic performance, and inter-company
alliances. Following an introduction and a survey of product and
technological diversification, the book begins with a statistical
analysis of technological diversification, and its links with
internationalisation and alliances. It continues with a range of
industry and company case studies, and an assessment of historical
evidence. The book provides a systematic analysis of data, case
studies, and other relevant material to understand this phenomenon.
Contributors bring to bear significant experience with large data
sets at the firm level on technological divesification and other
strategic dimensions on which it has an impact. This book will be
essential reading for students and researchers in the fields of
economics, International Business, Business Strategy and Technology
Management.
Recently, attempts have been made to understand the patterns of corporate technological diversification and their implications on economic and managerial dimensions. This book consolidates these attempts and breaks new ground, providing a systematic analysis of data and case-studies in its analysis of the phenomenon of technological diversification. Subjects discussed include product diversification, economic performance, internationalization, managerial and organisational issues, and strategic alliances. The international range of contributors and case-studies will appeal particularly to those interested in the EU research and policy.
R&D, Innovation and Competitiveness in the European Chemical
Industry explores the science & technology base and the dynamic
performance of the European "system of innovation" in the chemical
industry, with particular attention to its contribution to economic
growth through innovation and competitiveness, and its ability to
translate its research into commercially useful products. It also
analyses the forces that encourage the diffusion of chemical
innovations on downstream user industries and among large and small
firms. The studies presented in this book represent an analysis of
the issues and questions raised by the Green Paper on Innovation
presented by the European Commission, for the specific case of the
European chemical industry. R&D, Innovation and Competitiveness
in the European Chemical Industry will be of interest to industry
and government experts related to the chemical industry, scholars;
both faculty and graduate students interested in growth, corporate
strategy and the management of innovation.
R& D, Innovation and Competitiveness in the European Chemical
Industry explores the science & technology base and the dynamic
performance of the European "system of innovation" in the chemical
industry, with particular attention to its contribution to economic
growth through innovation and competitiveness, and its ability to
translate its research into commercially useful products. It also
analyses the forces that encourage the diffusion of chemical
innovations on downstream user industries and among large and small
firms. The studies presented in this book represent an analysis of
the issues and questions raised by the Green Paper on Innovation
presented by the European Commission, for the specific case of the
European chemical industry.
R& D, Innovation and Competitiveness in the European Chemical
Industry will be of interest to industry and government experts
related to the chemical industry, scholars; both faculty and
graduate students interested in growth, corporate strategy and the
management of innovation.
This book was first published in 2004. National economic growth is
fueled by the development of high technology clusters such as
Silicon Valley. The contributors examine the founding of ten
clusters that have been successful at an early stage of growth in
information technology. Their key finding is that the economics of
starting a cluster is very different from the positive feedback
loop that sustains an established cluster. While 'nothing succeeds
like success' in an established cluster, far more difficult, risky
and unlikely are the initial conditions that give rise to
successful clusters. The contributors find regularities in the
start of the successful clusters studied, including Silicon Valley
around 1964. These cases contain 'old economy' factors such as
competencies, firm building capabilities, managerial skills, and
connection to markets, more than the flamboyant 'new economy'
factors that have been highlighted in prevailing years.
Within the literature on industrial economics and innovation there
have been surprisingly few attempts to build analytical frameworks
that are based on the distinctive features and institutional
characteristics of Europe, and especially of the European Union.
This collection explains the organization and dynamics of
innovative activities in Europe. Theoretical advances in the
economics of technological innovation have been placed alongside
empirical research relating to the interaction between the
industrial structures of individual member nations and the linking
regulations of the European Union. The team of distinguished
international contributors includes Paul David and Nick Von
Tunzelmann. The Organization of Economic Innovation in Europe is a
significant addition to the literature on the economics of
innovation and technology.
This book examines an important phenomenon for competitiveness and
innovation in industry: namely the growing use of scientific
principles in industrial research. Industrial innovation still
arises from systematic trial-and-error experiments with many
designs and objects, but these experiments are being guided by a
more rational understanding of phenomena. This has important
implications for market structure, firm strategies and competition.
Science and Innovation focuses on the pharmaceutical industry. It
discusses the changes that the notable advances in the life
sciences since the 1980s have exerted on the strategies of drug
companies, the organization of their internal research, their
relationships with scientific institutions, the division of labour
between large pharmaceutical firms and small research-intensive
suppliers, the productivity of drug discovery and the productivity
of R & D.
Within the literature on industrial economics and innovation there
have been surprisingly few attempts to build analytical frameworks
that are based on the distinctive features and institutional
characteristics of Europe, and especially of the European Union.
This collection explains the organization and dynamics of
innovative activities in Europe. Theoretical advances in the
economics of technological innovation have been placed alongside
empirical research relating to the interaction between the
industrial structures of individual member nations and the linking
regulations of the European Union. The team of distinguished
international contributors includes Paul David and Nick Von
Tunzelmann. The Organization of Economic Innovation in Europe is a
significant addition to the literature on the economics of
innovation and technology.
This work examines an increasingly important phenomenon for
competitiveness and innovation in industry: namely, the growing use
of scientific principles in industrial research. Industrial
innovation still arises from systematic trial-and-error experiments
with many designs and objects, but these experiments are now being
guided by a more rational understanding of phenomena. This has
important implications for market structure, firm strategies and
competition. Science and innovation focuses on the pharmaceutical
industry. It discusses the changes that the notable advances in the
life sciences since the 1980s have exerted on the strategies of
drug companies, the organization of their internal research, their
relationships with scientific institutions, the division of labour
between large pharmaceutical firms and small research-intensive
suppliers, the productivity of drug discovery and the productivity
of R & D.
The essays in this volume probe the impact the digital revolution
has had, or sometimes failed to have, on global business. Has
digital technology, the authors ask, led to structural changes and
greater efficiency and innovation? While most of the essays support
the idea that the information age has increased productivity in
global business, the evidence of a 'revolution' in the ways
industries are organized is somewhat more blurred, with both
significant discontinuities and features which persist from the
'second' industrial revolution.
In 1980 the Indian software industry was practically non-existent.
By the 1990s the industry was one of the largest employers in
manufacturing. Similar patterns of growth can be found in other
emerging economies. So given that the software industry is commonly
viewed as a high-tech industry, how is it that such spectacular
growth has occurred in countries where high-tech industries would
not seem likely to develop? This book examines the reasons behind
this phenomenon, and asks whether it suggests a new model of
economic development. The contributors explore the implications of
the rise of these newcomers to the software market for the global
industry, and whether there are things to be learned about the role
of human capital in economic growth, firm formulation and
capabilities, business and managerial models and industry
structure. Chapters include country studies on Brazil, China,
India, Ireland and Israel and are complemented by cross-cutting
chapters on some of the key issues highlighted by the groeth
patterns of software in these nations, most notably the role of the
multinational companies, the globalization of the skilled worker
flows, and the formation of firm capabilities. The novelty of the
growth patterns in the regions that studied makes this book useful
for understanding analytical and empirical issues underlying new
microfoundations of economic growth in some emerging regions of the
world.
The contributions to this study of the origins of centers of industrial and technological innovation (such as Silicon Valley) reveal that these concentrated "clusters" of entrepreneurial high tech firms are characterized by rapid economic growth. No other analysts have examined how such clusters start, although many earlier works have studied Silicon Valley. The study's contributors conclude that the key public and business policy elements of starting a cluster are common to many regions, countries, and time periods.
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