International Law and Peace Settlements provides a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the relationship between international law and peace settlement practice across core settlement issues, e.g. transitional justice, human rights, refugees, self-determination, power-sharing, and wealth-sharing. The contributions address key cross-cutting questions on the legal status of peace agreements, the potential for developing international law, and the role of key actors - such as non-state armed groups, third-state witnesses and guarantors, and the UN Security Council - in the legalisation and internationalisation of settlement commitments. In recent years, significant scholarly work has examined facets of the relationship between international law and peace settlements, through concepts such as jus post bellum and lex pacificatoria. International Law and Peace Settlements drives forward the debate on the legalisation and internationalisation of peace agreements with diverse contributions from leading academics and practitioners in international law and conflict resolution.

This book addresses fault detection and isolation topics from a computational perspective. Unlike most existing literature, it bridges the gap between the existing well-developed theoretical results and the realm of reliable computational synthesis procedures. The model-based approach to fault detection and diagnosis has been the subject of ongoing research for the past few decades. While the theoretical aspects of fault diagnosis on the basis of linear models are well understood, most of the computational methods proposed for the synthesis of fault detection and isolation filters are not satisfactory from a numerical standpoint. Several features make this book unique in the fault detection literature: Solution of standard synthesis problems in the most general setting, for both continuous- and discrete-time systems, regardless of whether they are proper or not; consequently, the proposed synthesis procedures can solve a specific problem whenever a solution exists Emphasis on the best numerical algorithms to solve the synthesis problems for linear systems in generalized state-space form (also known as descriptor systems) Development of general synthesis procedures relying on new computational paradigms, such as factorization-based design based on filter updating techniques and nullspace-based synthesis Availability of a comprehensive set of free accompanying software tools for descriptor systems, which allows readers to easily implement all synthesis procedures presented in the book and ensures that all results are reproducible This book is primarily intended for researchers and advanced graduate students in the areas of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control. It will also appeal to mathematicians with an interest in control-oriented numerics.

This book summarizes the main achievements of the EC funded 6th Framework Program project COFCLUO "Clearance of Flight Control Laws Using Optimization." This project successfully contributed to the achievement of a top-level objective to meet society s needs for a more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly air transport by providing new techniques and tools for the clearance of flight control laws. This is an important part of the certification and qualification process of an aircraft a costly and time-consuming process for the aeronautical industry.

The overall objective of the COFCLUO project was to develop and apply optimization techniques to the clearance of flight control laws in order to improve efficiency and reliability. In the book, the new techniques are explained and benchmarked against traditional techniques currently used by the industry. The new techniques build on mathematical criteria derived from the certification and qualification requirements together with suitable models of the aircraft. The development of these criteria and models are also presented in the book.

Because of wider applicability, the optimization-based clearance of flight control laws will open up the possibility to design innovative aircraft that today are out of the scope using classical clearance tools. Optimization-based clearance will not only increase safety but it will also simplify the whole certification and qualification process, thus significantly reduce cost. The achieved speedup will also support rapid modeling and prototyping and reduce time to market .

The goal of this new edition is the same as for the first edition �to address the fault detection and isolation topics from a computational perspective“, by covering the same important aspects, namely, (1) providing a completely general theoretical treatment of fault and model detection problems for linear time-invariant systems; (2) presenting the best suited numerical approaches to solve the specific computational problems; (3) providing supporting software to solve the analysis and filter synthesis problems. In this second edition, the changes in the theoretical presentation are minor and all known errors and typos have been corrected. The major difference to the first edition is in the underlying computational support, which is now based on software developed in a relatively new language called Julia. The presentation of synthesis procedures and examples is similar to the first edition, but it is now interlaced with Julia codes which can be used to reproduce all computational examples and figures presented in the book. An Appendix has been added to cover some basic issues related to using Julia and the new FaultDetectionTools and DescriptorSystems packages. 

Es conocido a nivel mundial que el numero de casos de cancer aumenta de manera rapida y progresiva. En Colombia, los incrementos en las tasas de incidencia y mortalidad para la mayoria de tipos de cancer lo definen como un problema creciente de salud publica que se ubica como la tercera causa de muerte en el pais, despues de la violencia y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Esto exige establecer tratamientos efectivos para su erradicacion. La llamada terapia fotodinamica, usando agentes fotosensibilizadores de naturaleza semi-conductora y con tamano nanometrico, esta siendo explorada actualmente por su particular efecto fototoxico, en diversos sistemas biologicos. La fotocatalisis con TiO2 es una opcion viable para el tratamiento alternativo del cancer debido a que presenta una alta citotoxicidad, en presencia de sistemas cancerigenos, cuando se le hace incidir radiacion UVA. Por esta razon es necesario evaluar la influencia del tamano, estructura y concentracion de las nanoparticulas de TiO2 sobre su efecto fototoxico, esto para entender mejor los mecanismos de toxicidad involucrados y poder abordar el tema de tratamiento contra el cancer utilizando fotocatalisis heterogenea."