A volume in Quantitative Methods in Education and the Behavioral Sciences: Issues, Research, and Teaching Series Editor Ron Serlin, University of Wisconsin (sponsored by the Educational Statisticians, SIG) Multilevel Modeling of Educational Data, co-edited by Ann A. O'Connell, Ed.D., and D. Betsy McCoach, Ph.D., is the next volume in the series: Quantitative Methods in Education and the Behavioral Sciences: Issues, Research and Teaching (Information Age Publishing), sponsored by the Educational Statisticians' Special Interest Group (Ed-Stat SIG) of the American Educational Research Association. The use of multilevel analyses to examine effects of groups or contexts on individual outcomes has burgeoned over the past few decades. Multilevel modeling techniques allow educational researchers to more appropriately model data that occur within multiple hierarchies (i.e.- the classroom, the school, and/or the district). Examples of multilevel research problems involving schools include establishing trajectories of academic achievement for children within diverse classrooms or schools or studying school-level characteristics on the incidence of bullying. Multilevel models provide an improvement over traditional single-level approaches to working with clustered or hierarchical data; however, multilevel data present complex and interesting methodological challenges for the applied education research community. In keeping with the pedagogical focus for this book series, the papers this volume emphasize applications of multilevel models using educational data, with chapter topics ranging from basic to advanced. This book represents a comprehensive and instructional resource text on multilevel modeling for quantitative researchers who plan to use multilevel techniques in their work, as well as for professors and students of quantitative methods courses focusing on multilevel analysis. Through the contributions of experienced researchers and teachers of multilevel modeling, this volume provides an accessible and practical treatment of methods appropriate for use in a first and/or second course in multilevel analysis. A supporting website links chapter examples to actual data, creating an opportunity for readers to reinforce their knowledge through hands-on data analysis. This book serves as a guide for designing multilevel studies and applying multilevel modeling techniques in educational and behavioral research, thus contributing to a better understanding of and solution for the challenges posed by multilevel systems and data.

The law and policy applicable to the not-for-profit sector is of growing importance around the world. In this book, legal experts address fundamental questions about not-for-profit law from a range of theoretical and comparative perspectives. The essays provide scholarly analysis of not-for-profit law, organised around four themes: (1) Politics, in the broader sense of living as a community, and the narrower sense of political power; (2) Charity, how it is defined and changes in its meaning over time; (3) Taxation, including the rationale for government support of the sector through the tax system; (4) Regulation, which is of increasing significance as governments establish increasingly complex forms of regulation of not-for-profit activity. The fundamental aim of the book is to deepen our understanding of not-for-profit law and of the rationales and modes of government support for the not-for-profit sector.

Vegetarians have never had it so good: a wealth of new vegetable types, skilled and inventive cooks delivering dishes from cuisines unknown to our parents' generation, and new kitchen technologies that deliver freshness and flavour inconceivable to the age of castiron ranges and steaming boiling-pots. So, while today a vegetarian can eat a light, exciting, fully flavoured and satisfying meal which may be the envy of many a carnivore, everyone will admit that the fate of a vegetarian or food-reformer in the reign of Queen Victoria was possibly not so blessed. This little book explores the recipes that were developed by, and available to, the vegetarians of yesteryear. We will not pretend, nor does the author, that every recipe is a culinary thrill but each does unlock a certain secret about early vegetarianism, a movement that was of much greater significance in the years before the First World War than we sometimes acknowledge.The literature of vegetarian cookery starts with Thomas Tryon's 1690, "Wisdoms Dictates" but then is virtual blank until the second half of the nineteenth century when vegetarianism became more widespread. This book offers a selection of recipes culled from manuals dating broadly from 1856 to 1908. It is arranged in logical chapters covering Soups; Salads; Beans, Lentils and Rice; Cheese and Egg Dishes; Cutlets, Croquettes and Sausages; Moulds and Galantines; Pies and Pastries; Vegetable Dishes; Sauces; Bread; Sweets; Porridge, Gruel, etc.; and closing with menus for banquets and celebrations including Christmas Dinner. The recipes are offered in their original form with a minimum of editorial suggestion as to how they may be achieved. Clearly, the cooking was not very complicated.This book will be of interest to those curious about the history of vegetarianism. Those with longer memories will recall that vegetarian cooking, for instance after the Second World War, was surprisingly tasty and adventurous (they could work miracles with a nut cutlet). This book will give some hint as to how they achieved their ends. "Early Vegetarian Recipes" is another volume in "Prospect Books'" series of little monographs on the food of our forefathers, "The English Kitchen".