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In all Western societies women earn lower wages on average than
men. The gender wage gap has existed for many years, although there
have been some important changes over time. This volume of
collected papers contains extensive research on progress made by
women in the labor market, and the characteristics and causes of
remaining gender inequalities. It also covers other dimensions of
inequality and their interplay with gender, such as family
formation, wellbeing, race, and immigrant status. The author was
awarded the 2010 IZA Prize in Labor Economics for this research.
Part I comprises an Introduction by the Editors. Part II probes and
quantifies the explanations for the gender wage gap, including
differential choices made in the labor market by men and women as
well as labor market discrimination and employment segregation. It
also delineates how the gender wage gap has decreased over time in
the United States and suggests explanations for this narrowing of
the gap and the more recent slowdown in wage convergence. Part III
considers international differences in the gender wage gap and wage
inequality and the relationship between the two. Part IV considers
a variety of indicators of gender inequality and how they have
changed over time in the United States, painting a picture of
significant gains in women's relative status across a number of
dimensions. It also considers the trends in female labor supply and
what they indicate about changing gender roles in the United States
and considers a successful intervention designed to increase the
relative success of academic women. Part V focuses on inequality by
race and immigrant status. It considers not only race difference in
wages and the differential progress made by African-American women
and men in reducing the race wage gap, but also race differences in
wealth which are considerably larger than differences in wages. It
also examines immigrant-native differences in the use of transfer
payments, and the impact of gender roles in immigrant source
countries on immigrant women's labor market assimilation in the
U.S. labor market.
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