This book examines the commercial role of various microbial polysaccharides and recent advances in their production. Offering an overview of the physiological role, biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms, it also explores the current challenges regarding bioprocessing for the production of polysaccharides.

Extensive industrialization has led to an increased release of toxic metals into the soil and air. Industrial waste can include mine overburden, bauxite residue, and E waste, and these can serve as a source of valuable recoverable metals. There are relatively simple methods to recycle these wastes, but they require additional chemicals and are both expensive and generate secondary waste which causes environmental pollution. Biohydrometallurgical processing is a cost effective and ecofriendly alternative where biological processes help to conserve dwindling ore resources and helps in extracting metals in a non-polluting way. Microbes can be used in metal extraction from primary ores, waste minerals, and industrial and mining wastes. Biohydrometallurgical Processes: Metal Recovery and Remediation serves as a useful guide for microbiologists, biotechnologists and various industrialists dealing with mining, metallurgy, chemical engineering, and environmental sciences. Features: Examines advances in biohydrometallurgy, biomineralisation, and bioleaching techniques Discusses the importance of bacteria in biohydrometallurgical processes and microbial interventions for waste cleanup and upgradation of minerals Presents the latest techniques for biosynthesis related to different metals along with recent developments in alternative procedures using extremophile and leaching bacteria

This book provides comprehensive description of polymeric membranes in water treatment and remediation. It describes both the sustainability challenges and new opportunities to use membranes for water decontamination. It also discusses the environmental-related issues, challenges and advantages of using membrane-based systems and provides comprehensive description of various polymeric membranes, nanomaterials, biomolecules and their integrated systems for wastewater treatment. Various topics covered in this book are direct pressure-driven and osmotic-driven membrane processes, hybrid membrane processes (such as membrane bioreactors and integrating membrane separation with other processes), and resource recovery-oriented membrane-based processes. The book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of materials science and environmental chemistry.

This book emphasizes various challenges and opportunities in biopolymers and identifying their potential applications in various fields including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and electronics. It offers an overview of the environmental-related issues, regulatory and legislative issues, green extraction technologies, and sustainability challenges. It will be interesting and valuable for researchers working in the related field.

Examines the role of nanotechnology in agricultural best practices, including sustainable development, precision farming, and long-term soil health.

Volatility of crude oil prices, depleting reservoirs and environmental concerns have stimulated worldwide research for alternative and sustainable sources of raw materials for chemicals and fuels. The idea of using single-carbon atom molecules as chemical building blocks is not new, and many such compounds have been techno-economically studied as raw materials for fuels. Nevertheless, unifying the scientific and technical issues under the topic of C1 chemistry is not as easy as it may appear. C1 Chemistry: Principles and Processes provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemical transformation from molecular to commercial plant scales and reviews the sources of C1 molecules, their conversion processes and the most recent achievements and research needs. This book: Describes the latest processes developments and introduces commercial technologies Covers a wide range of feedstocks, including greenhouse gases and organic wastes Details chemistry, thermodynamics, catalysis, kinetics and reactors for respective conversions Includes preparation and purification of C1 feedstocks, C1 molecule coupling reactions and process technologies for each C1 conversion reaction Considers environmental impacts and sustainability This book will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, academics, professionals and advanced students working in the chemical, environmental and energy sectors and offers readers insights into the challenges and opportunities in the active field of C1 chemistry.

This book focuses on the recent trends in carbon management and up-to-date information on different carbon management strategies that lead to manage increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The growing evidence of climate change resulting from the continued increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has made it a high profile political-social and trade issue. The mean global average earth temperature rose by 0.6+/- 2 DegreesC during the second half of the century with the rate of 0.17 DegreesC/decade. As per GISS data in the year of 2017, it rose 0.9 DegreesC (1.62 DegreesF) above the 1951-1980 mean global temperature. Recently World Meteorological Organization analyzes the past record temperature and found the past 10 years were the warmest years about 1.1 DegreesC above preindustrial level. Over the past decade, carbon management by various techniques has to come to fore as a way to manage carbon dioxide emissions contributing to climate change. The proposed book addresses the need for an understanding of sustainable carbon dioxide management technologies mainly focused on (a) minimizing carbon dioxide emission from sources; (b) maximizing environmentally sound recuse, reduce and recycling; (c)emerging technology toward carbon dioxide mitigation and d) converting carbon dioxide into valuable products form sustainable use. Other books related to carbon management attempt to cover the carbon capture and sequestration, carbon mineralization, utilization and storage but the topic of CO2 management strategies is not discussed in detail for sustainable development. Furthermore, this book also covers all physical, chemical and biological process for long-term capture, removal and sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for sustainable management which is not described in other carbon management books. In order to meet CO2 emissions reduction target, a range of technological approaches, including development of clean fuels and clean coal technologies, adopting cleaner and more energy efficiency and conservation, developing renewable energy and implementing CCS technologies, will also be considered for sustainable future.

Offering a comprehensive view of water-treatment technologies, Nanomaterials for Water Treatment and Remediation explores recent developments in the use of advanced nanomaterials (ANMs) for water treatment and remediation. In-depth reaction mechanisms in water-treatment technologies, including adsorption, catalysis, and membrane filtration for water purification using ANMs, are discussed in detail. The book includes an investigation of the fabrication processes of nanostructured materials and the fundamental aspects of surfaces at the nanoscale. The book also covers the removal of water-borne pathogens and microbes through a photochemical approach. FEATURES Explains various chemical treatments for the removal and separation of hazardous dyes, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals from aqueous solutions, including adsorption, advanced oxidation process, and photocatalysis Discusses the rational design of nanoporous materials with a tunable pore structure and fabrication of nanomaterials by surface chemistry engineering Covers the role of nanomaterials-assisted oxidation and reduction processes, design of nano-assisted membrane-based separation, and multifunctional nanomaterials and nanodevices for water treatment Provides an understanding of the structure-activity relationship and stability of ANMs under critical experimental conditions Identifies potential challenges in the application of multifunctional ANMs for future research Nanomaterials for Water Treatment and Remediation is aimed at researchers and industry professionals in chemical, materials, and environmental engineering as well as related fields interested in the application of advanced materials to water treatment and remediation.

Considering the ever-increasing global population and finite arable land, technology and sustainable agricultural practices are required to improve crop yield. This book examines the interaction between plants and microbes and considers the use of advanced techniques such as genetic engineering, revolutionary gene editing technologies, and their applications to understand how plants and microbes help or harm each other at the molecular level. Understanding plant-microbe interactions and related gene editing technologies will provide new possibilities for sustainable agriculture. The book will be extremely useful for researchers working in the fields of plant science, molecular plant biology, plant-microbe interactions, plant engineering technology, agricultural microbiology, and related fields. It will be useful for upper-level students and instructors specifically in the field of biotechnology, microbiology, biochemistry, and agricultural science. Features: Examines the most advanced approaches for genetic engineering of agriculture (CRISPR, TALAN, ZFN, etc.). Discusses the microbiological control of various plant diseases. Explores future perspectives for research in microbiological plant science. Plant-Microbial Interactions and Smart Agricultural Biotechnology will serve as a useful source of cutting-edge information for researchers and innovative professionals, as well as upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking related agriculture and environmental science courses.

This book provides all the aspects of microbes for food additives, and a detailed description of their different categories. The chapters provide a step-by-step overview of microbial food additives as enzymes, antioxidants, stabilizers, emulsifiers, organic acids, colorants, sweeteners, flavoring compounds that have been used commercially by industrialists. In addition, an emphasis on the use of microbes as therapeutic agents such as probiotics and enzymes have also been given in the respective chapters. Furthermore, the book also comprises the detailed description of legislation and policies for the use of microbial additives at large scale in different food industries. Therefore, this book provides a comprehensive, state of art updated literature which can be used by the food scientists, nutritionists, microbiologists and a health-conscious layman to check the food additive list on a product for a nutritious and safer food.

This book examines the commercial role of various microbial polysaccharides and recent advances in their production. Offering an overview of the physiological role, biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms, it also explores the current challenges regarding bioprocessing for the production of polysaccharides.

Smart Nanomaterials for Bioencapsulation focuses on the fundamentals, synthesis methods and matrix design for the encapsulation of drugs, drug release, food and nutraceuticals, mechanisms of nano- encapsulated drugs on liposomes, micelles, silica composites, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, and protein inorganic nanohybrids. Providing detailed information on the encapsulation of food and drug derivatives, the book helps create new and modern approaches for both pharmaceutical and nutritional science. The target delivery of pharmacological agents, as well as food additives under various conditions is covered, including sections on systemic release of drug molecules, minimum loss at non-target sites, the accumulation of diseased tissue or organs, and more. Smart nanomaterial-based nanocarriers protect the loaded molecules from premature degradation in the biological environment and enhance bioavailability for cellular uptake. The tuned properties of smart nanomaterials, such as porosity, pore-volume, surface area-to-volume ratio, coating with inert and labile materials, and more help determine the in vivo performance of the bioencapsulated food and drug derivatives.

This book emphasizes various challenges and opportunities in biopolymers and identifying their potential applications in various fields including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and electronics. It offers an overview of the environmental-related issues, regulatory and legislative issues,  green extraction technologies, and sustainability challenges. It will be interesting and valuable for researchers working in the related field.

CO2-philic Polymers, Nanocomposites and Chemical Solvents: Capture, Conversion and Industrial Products is a multidisciplinary book that provides a compilation of concrete information on various polymers, porous materials hydrogels, membranes, nanoparticles, biochar metal-organic frameworks, bioinspired surfaces, polysaccharides, organic solvents, chemicals, eutectic solvents, amine-based chemical compounds, porphyrins, ionic liquids, ceramics and cutting-edge technologies for CO2 sequestration and conversion. Each chapter covers the latest developments and methods of synthesis and applications in the area. The book discusses, in detail, valuable commercial products from CO2, such as ethanol, methanol, formic acid, and precursors of other fine chemicals. The book covers the scientific, technological and practical concepts concerning the research, development and realization of CO2-philic polymers, nanocomposites and chemical solvents. This makes it a valuable resource for academic researchers and graduate students in chemical engineering, materials science and chemical engineers/engineers working in the industry.

This book focuses on the recent trends in carbon management and up-to-date information on different carbon management strategies that lead to manage increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The growing evidence of climate change resulting from the continued increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has made it a high profile political-social and trade issue. The mean global average earth temperature rose by 0.6+/- 2 DegreesC during the second half of the century with the rate of 0.17 DegreesC/decade. As per GISS data in the year of 2017, it rose 0.9 DegreesC (1.62 DegreesF) above the 1951-1980 mean global temperature. Recently World Meteorological Organization analyzes the past record temperature and found the past 10 years were the warmest years about 1.1 DegreesC above preindustrial level. Over the past decade, carbon management by various techniques has to come to fore as a way to manage carbon dioxide emissions contributing to climate change. The proposed book addresses the need for an understanding of sustainable carbon dioxide management technologies mainly focused on (a) minimizing carbon dioxide emission from sources; (b) maximizing environmentally sound recuse, reduce and recycling; (c)emerging technology toward carbon dioxide mitigation and d) converting carbon dioxide into valuable products form sustainable use. Other books related to carbon management attempt to cover the carbon capture and sequestration, carbon mineralization, utilization and storage but the topic of CO2 management strategies is not discussed in detail for sustainable development. Furthermore, this book also covers all physical, chemical and biological process for long-term capture, removal and sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for sustainable management which is not described in other carbon management books. In order to meet CO2 emissions reduction target, a range of technological approaches, including development of clean fuels and clean coal technologies, adopting cleaner and more energy efficiency and conservation, developing renewable energy and implementing CCS technologies, will also be considered for sustainable future.

Nanosensors for Smart Agriculture covers new breakthroughs in smart agriculture, highlighting new technologies, such as the internet of things, big data and artificial intelligence. In addition, the book provides the many advantages of nanosensors over their micro counterparts, such as lower power consumption, higher sensitivity, lower concentration of analytes, and smaller interaction distances between the object and sensor. Sections provide information on fundamental design concepts and emerging applications of nanosensors in smart agriculture. The book highlights how, when cultivating soil, nanosensors and their wireless networks can be used for soil quality monitoring (moisture/herbicides/organic compound/trace metals monitoring in soil, etc. Other applications cover how smart nanosensors can be used for virus detection and hygiene/pathogen controls in livestocks, their use as active transport tracking devices for smart tracking and tracing, and other various applications, such as (i) nanochips for identity (radio frequency identification), (ii) food inspection, (iii) intelligent food packaging, and (iv) smart storage. This is an important reference source for materials scientists and agricultural engineers who are looking to understand more about how nanosensor technology can be used to create more efficient and sustainable agricultural systems.