Antimicrobial Resistance in Wastewater and Human Health provides updated knowledge on the human health risks associated with antimicrobial resistance of wastewater. The book's chapters address commonly found bacteria and drug resistant genes in wastewater, treatment plant problems and challenges, human health hazards, and gaps in current literature. Written for researchers, scientists, graduate and PhD students in the areas of Public Health, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Science, this will be an ideal resource.

Pathogenic Viruses and Armamentarium Design covers the latest developments in viral target elucidation and viral control using wet and dry lab strategies. The control and combat strategies and their implementation compiled in this book are a valuable aid in understanding viral disease progression and designing new strategies against existing and evolving viruses. This important resource is a comprehensive compilation of anti-viral approaches designed and devised using computational and other laboratory techniques. The content targets the readership of college students, scientists and research investigators working on the pathogenic virus and development of prophylactics and therapeutics against viral infection. Researchers from biotechnology, infection biology, chemistry and pharmaceutical science will surely benefit from this content. The incorporation of software and tools will also help both experienced and new bioinformaticians and students.

Visceral Leishmaniasis: Therapeutics and Vaccines describes current therapeutics, natural anti-leishmanial molecules, anti-leishmanial screening, and explores vaccine candidates and amastigote-based vaccination strategies for Leishmania. The book provides a precise view on VL, Leishmania parasite culture, host immunity and immunomodulation, natural compounds effective against VL, animal models for VL, and methodologies available for anti-leishmanial drug screening procedures against VL, as well as vaccine and vaccination-related information on Leishmaniasis. Readers will find concrete information on past and current hurdles facing vaccine development for Leishmania, along with scientific opportunities and the potential impact of vaccines, including problems encountered. The book is designed to increase the understanding of vaccines, particularly in VL, for students and researchers. Although vaccines are now available for many diseases, there are still challenges ahead for a vaccine for VL. The ideal vaccine must be safe and able to induce an immune response that is strong and effective. In a nutshell, a combination of chemotherapy (drugs) and immunoprophylaxis (vaccine) would be ideal to win the battle against VL.

Diabetes: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management aims to be the one-stop diabetes book for researchers, scientists and clinicians. It details the epidemiology, causes, molecular mechanisms, molecular markers, available drugs, experimental drugs, treatment modalities, and dietary and lifestyle approaches related to diabetes. It focuses on various molecular aspects of diabetes, and its related co-morbidities. Apart from the drug-based treatment approach based on international guidelines, this book also describes various surgical treatments available for cases of uncontrolled symptomatic diabetes. It also lays emphasis on the future possibilities of different approaches for diabetes management. Key Features Includes treatment guidelines and approaches to diabetes provided by major global diabetes associations Provides a thorough and comprehensive assimilation of detailed information and updates in the field of diabetes, helpful for researchers, scientists and clinicians Contains a chapter on anti-diabetic drugs, that covers both the commercially approved drugs as well as those that are in various phases of experimental, pre-clinical, and clinical trials

Developments of antifungal agents have declined as compared to other antibiotics that have displayed a potent development with time. There is an urgent need for both prophylactic and therapeutic treatments worldwide to control the severity of infections caused by Candida. Anticandidal Therapeutics provides the readers with a compiled knowledge of the fungal human infection Candida and the development of anticandidal drugs. Anticandidal Therapeutics helps researchers form the basis for the discovery and development of novel anticandidal therapies. In 14 chapters this book provides collective information on anticandidal agents and their discovery and development with respect to major drug transporter families, different stages of anticandidal agent development, recent trends and progress in antifungal translational research, clinical studies status of anticandidal therapeutic agents, and drug repurposing for development of novel anticandidal agents.

Phytoconstituents and Antifungals covers a wide range of specific information on various phytoconstituents, their antifungal mode and the diagnosis and management of fungal infections. The book offers encouragement and empowers readers to re-embrace their knowledge of phytoconstituents and their various antifungal activities against most opportunistic pathogenic fungi as fungal diseases cause an estimated 1.5+ million deaths annually and over one billion people suffer from severe fungal disease. In this complex scenario, it is now clear that global warming and accompanying climate changes have resulted in increased incidence of many fungal infections. On the basis of all these factors, concerns on the occurrence of a pandemic fungal origin in the near future have been raised. In this context, to stop forgetting and underestimating fungal diseases is mandatory.

Diabetes: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management aims to be the one-stop diabetes book for researchers, scientists and clinicians. It details the epidemiology, causes, molecular mechanisms, molecular markers, available drugs, experimental drugs, treatment modalities, and dietary and lifestyle approaches related to diabetes. It focuses on various molecular aspects of diabetes, and its related co-morbidities. Apart from the drug-based treatment approach based on international guidelines, this book also describes various surgical treatments available for cases of uncontrolled symptomatic diabetes. It also lays emphasis on the future possibilities of different approaches for diabetes management. Key Features Includes treatment guidelines and approaches to diabetes provided by major global diabetes associations Provides a thorough and comprehensive assimilation of detailed information and updates in the field of diabetes, helpful for researchers, scientists and clinicians Contains a chapter on anti-diabetic drugs, that covers both the commercially approved drugs as well as those that are in various phases of experimental, pre-clinical, and clinical trials

Anticandidal Agents provides the latest information on candida drug resistance and its remedial implications. In this compilation, users will find a comprehensive view on overcoming resistance in anticandidal drugs, along with information on novel molecules. Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus responsible for life threating invasive and nosocomial infections across the globe. Candidiasis is a major cause of morbidity among immunocompromised patients. Infections caused by non-albicans candida like C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis have also imposed a serious threat in the last few decades. Current treatment of candidiasis relies primarily on antifungal agents broadly categorized as azoles, polyenes, echinocandins, allylamines, and pyrimidines. Lately, antifungal resistance has emerged to be an obstruction of current treatment regime. A number of reasons are described in detail. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance is crucial for developing strategies for overcoming the hindrance in current therapeutics.

Leishmania-related illnesses remain among the world s deadliest neglected tropical diseases, affecting approximately 12 million people in 88 countries.The mortality rate is substantial, contributing to nearly two million disability-adjusted life years. As more is understood about this parasite and its effects, work toward prevention, control, and treatment continues apace."Leishmania and Leishmaniasis" will address the parasite and its attendant disease, which manifests in three syndromes: Visceral (VL), Cutaneous (CL) and Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (ML). The morphology and life cycles of the various species will be among the topics addressed in Part One. Part Two will focus on immunology, including host-immune response to Leishmania infection, cross-immunity between the different species and adoptive transfer of immunity. Parts Three and Four will address how Leishmania invade and survive, the clinical features of the disease, and its diagnosis.Drugs, vaccines and treatment will be thoroughly explored, including experimental models of therapeutics. "Leishmania and Leishmaniasis" will provide a thorough examination of a parasite, the illnesses it causes and the misery it continues to visit upon large segments of the population. "