North American Icelandic evolved mainly in Icelandic settlements in Manitoba and North Dakota and is the only version of Icelandic that is not spoken in Iceland. But North American Icelandic is a dying language with few left who speak it. North American Icelandic is the only book about the nature and development of this variety of Icelandic. It details the social and linguistic constraints of one specific feature of North American Icelandic phonology undergoing change, namely Flamaeli, which is the merger of two sets of front vowels. Although Flamaeli was once a part of traditional Icelandic, it was considered too confusing and was systematically eradicated from the language. But in North America, Flamaeli use spread unchecked, allowing the rare opportunity of viewing the evolution of a dialect from its birth to its impending demise.

This volume contains articles in the fields of translation theory. Litlerature and linguistics, and will appeal to international specialists in the humanities, especially in English and Icelandic studies.

Learning and teaching languages in an online environment is one of contemporary education's great challenges. The challenge is made particularly difficult because language learners benefit from a social constructivist approach in which individual learners learn by doing together - negotiating meaning in collaborative interaction. The open source revolution in technology has opened up the possibility of communal efforts to develop technological solutions to such pedagogical challenges. This volume brings together reports from the Covcell Project which developed collaborative tools for the learning management system, Moodle, with papers relating to a range of other tools for online language teaching, in a number of domains including language for special purposes, foreign language equivalency certification, cultural learning practices and oral skills development.