This book summarizes present knowledge of different mechanisms involved in the development of positive and negative consequences of cardiac adaptation. Particular attention is paid to the still underestimated adaptive cardiac responses during development, to adaptation to the frequently occurring pressure and volume overload as well as to cardiac changes, induced by enduring exercise and chronic hypoxia. Cardiac Adaptations will be of great value to cardiovascular investigators, who will find this book highly useful in their cardiovascular studies for finding solutions in diverse pathological conditions; it will also appeal to students, fellows, scientists, and clinicians interested in cardiovascular abnormalities.

As the majority of cardiovascular deaths are related to myocardial ischemia, it is necessary to understand the various aspects of ischemic heart disease. In this regard, it is noteworthy that ischemic heart disease is commonly associated with atherosclerosis, coronary spasm, as well as thrombosis leading to the development of arrhythmias, cardiovascular cell damage, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and congestive heart failure. Furthermore, it is also important to appreciate various physiological, electrophysiological and biochemical processes in the normal heart if we are to understand their significance under pathological situations. Heart Function in Health and Disease has been organized in five sections to provide an outline of a complex problem in a convenient manner. One section of this book is devoted to shedding light on the restructuring and ontogenic changes in the developing heart whereas in the next section some hypertrophic alterations due to chronic hypoxia are described. The third and fourth sections of this book are concerned with the regulation of cardiac channels as well as signal transduction mechanisms and cardiac electric field. The fifth section contains some pathophysiological events during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. All of these areas encompass a significant body of new information that will be invaluable to those who work in the field of cardiovascular sciences, as well as those who treat people with heart disease.

This book summarizes present knowledge of different mechanisms involved in the development of positive and negative consequences of cardiac adaptation. Particular attention is paid to the still underestimated adaptive cardiac responses during development, to adaptation to the frequently occurring pressure and volume overload as well as to cardiac changes, induced by enduring exercise and chronic hypoxia. "Cardiac Adaptations" will be of great value to cardiovascular investigators, who will find this book highly useful in their cardiovascular studies for finding solutions in diverse pathological conditions; it will also appeal to students, fellows, scientists, and clinicians interested in cardiovascular abnormalities."

Molecular Defects in Cardiovascular Diseaseprovides an in-depth discussion of the molecular mechanisms underlying the genesis of cardiovascular defects and the implications this has on current and emerging targeted therapeutics. Divided into three sections, this book covers the scientific foundations of our present understanding as well as the array of clinical manifestations and their treatment. The first section covers Molecular Mechanisms of Heart Disease, with discussion of the development of cardiovascular dysfunction. The remaining two sections provide a more clinical focus. The second, Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure deals with metabolic derangements, Ca2+ handling, and subcellular remodeling. It illustrates the wide variety of molecular defects which may serve as targets associated with the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to advanced heart failure. The third section, Hypertension and Diabetes, provides molecular rationale for the pathogenesis of hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy, as well as highlighting the importance of hormones toward this end.

A necessary resource for clinicians and researchers, this book elucidates the experimental basis of the practice of cardiology. It is the culmination of our advances in the understanding of cardiovascular molecular biology and a blueprint for the efficacious use of targeted therapies.

Cardiac Ischemia: From Injury to Protection has been divided into six parts. The first part describes the differences between hypoxia and ischemia, animal models, the effects of ischemia on myocardial function and metabolism, and the electrophysiological consequences of ischemia. The second part deals with the mechanisms of cardiomyocyte death in ischemia, structural aspects of irreversible ischemic injury, necrosis and apoptosis of cardiac cells, the role of calcium, and the concept of calcium antagonism. The third chapter is a brief description of reperfusion injury, its clinical relevance, and possible prevention. The fourth part summarizes changes in myocardial vasculature during ischemia and reperfusion. The fifth part is the survey of two main possibilities for increasing cardiac resistance to ischemia and hypoxia, i.e. long-lasting adaptation to chronic hypoxia and short-lasting preconditioning. The last part of the book deals with comparative and ontogenetic aspects of cardiac sensitivity to oxygen deprivation; this chapter also summarizes the ontogenetic differences and limitations in endogenous and exogenous protection of the ischemic/hypoxic heart.

In 1982, as chance would have it again, an opportunity appeared to Jom the Department of Physiology at Kuwait University. P. Braveny spend four years there, teaching, doing some research, recovering former international contacts. Coming back home, he faced the same gloomy, motionless disfavor as before. November 1989 turned P. Bravenfs career upside down. Immediately after the fall ofthe communist regime, he was elected vice-dean and later dean ofthe Faculty of Medicine, promoted full professor in physiology and appointed the head of the Department ofPhysiology. From 1992 to 1998 P. Braveny served as the vice-rector of Masaryk University. His professional career culminated in his presidency of the XIV World Congress of ISHR in Prague. Understandably, in the following years, he become interested (in his tutor's footsteps) in history of physiology and pub- lished two monoghaphs (E. Babak andV Kruta). This CV would be an incomplete one without mentioning his broad interests in natural sciences and in art, particu- larly music and painting. As a tutored amateur he has acquired certain success in the latter. When reviewing P. Bravenfs whole-life work, largely done under adverse cir- cumstances with minimum financial support, his almost two hundred papers, innu- merable essays and four monographs are a commensurate result. In appreciation, he was awarded honorary membership of the Czech Medical Society, Physiological Society and Cardiological Society, Gold Medal of Masaryk University, Ministry of Education Award etc. Bohuslav Ostadal Makoto Nagano Naranjan S.

Cardiac Ischemia: From Injury to Protection has been divided into six parts. The first part describes the differences between hypoxia and ischemia, animal models, the effects of ischemia on myocardial function and metabolism, and the electrophysiological consequences of ischemia. The second part deals with the mechanisms of cardiomyocyte death in ischemia, structural aspects of irreversible ischemic injury, necrosis and apoptosis of cardiac cells, the role of calcium, and the concept of calcium antagonism. The third chapter is a brief description of reperfusion injury, its clinical relevance, and possible prevention. The fourth part summarizes changes in myocardial vasculature during ischemia and reperfusion. The fifth part is the survey of two main possibilities for increasing cardiac resistance to ischemia and hypoxia, i.e. long-lasting adaptation to chronic hypoxia and short-lasting preconditioning. The last part of the book deals with comparative and ontogenetic aspects of cardiac sensitivity to oxygen deprivation; this chapter also summarizes the ontogenetic differences and limitations in endogenous and exogenous protection of the ischemic/hypoxic heart.

As the majority of cardiovascular deaths are related to myocardial ischemia, it is necessary to understand the various aspects of ischemic heart disease. In this regard, it is noteworthy that ischemic heart disease is commonly associated with atherosclerosis, coronary spasm, as well as thrombosis leading to the development of arrhythmias, cardiovascular cell damage, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and congestive heart failure. Furthermore, it is also important to appreciate various physiological, electrophysiological and biochemical processes in the normal heart if we are to understand their significance under pathological situations. Heart Function in Health and Disease has been organized in five sections to provide an outline of a complex problem in a convenient manner. One section of this book is devoted to shedding light on the restructuring and ontogenic changes in the developing heart whereas in the next section some hypertrophic alterations due to chronic hypoxia are described. The third and fourth sections of this book are concerned with the regulation of cardiac channels as well as signal transduction mechanisms and cardiac electric field. The fifth section contains some pathophysiological events during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. All of these areas encompass a significant body of new information that will be invaluable to those who work in the field of cardiovascular sciences, as well as those who treat people with heart disease.

Rapid advances in molecular medicine have led to pronounced new developments in experimental and clinical cardiology. In the embrace of modern molecular biology and bridging the gap between the clinical and the genomic, cardiovascular medicine has seen major strides in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression. The ability to rapidly identify candidate human genes for cardiovascular diseases lends itself to the development of diverse strategies for disease treatment and management. The wide variety of gene expressions proffers excellent targets for novel therapeutics. Gene therapy is steadily increasing in viability and represents a fascinating arena of research and clinical focus. This book is based on two international Mendel symposia on "Genes and the Heart," joint meetings of the Japanese and European sections of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences. Highlighting selected symposia contributions, this book explores the role of molecular biology and genetics in the basic knowledge, genesis, and clinical interventions of cardiovascular diseases.

Molecular Defects in Cardiovascular Disease provides an in-depth discussion of the molecular mechanisms underlying the genesis of cardiovascular defects and the implications this has on current and emerging targeted therapeutics. Divided into three sections, this book covers the scientific foundations of our present understanding as well as the array of clinical manifestations and their treatment. The first section covers Molecular Mechanisms of Heart Disease, with discussion of the development of cardiovascular dysfunction. The remaining two sections provide a more clinical focus. The second, Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure deals with metabolic derangements, Ca2+ handling, and subcellular remodeling. It illustrates the wide variety of molecular defects which may serve as targets associated with the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to advanced heart failure. The third section, Hypertension and Diabetes, provides molecular rationale for the pathogenesis of hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy, as well as highlighting the importance of hormones toward this end. A necessary resource for clinicians and researchers, this book elucidates the experimental basis of the practice of cardiology. It is the culmination of our advances in the understanding of cardiovascular molecular biology and a blueprint for the efficacious use of targeted therapies.

In 1982, as chance would have it again, an opportunity appeared to Jom the Department of Physiology at Kuwait University. P. Braveny spend four years there, teaching, doing some research, recovering former international contacts. Coming back home, he faced the same gloomy, motionless disfavor as before. November 1989 turned P. Bravenfs career upside down. Immediately after the fall ofthe communist regime, he was elected vice-dean and later dean ofthe Faculty of Medicine, promoted full professor in physiology and appointed the head of the Department ofPhysiology. From 1992 to 1998 P. Braveny served as the vice-rector of Masaryk University. His professional career culminated in his presidency of the XIV World Congress of ISHR in Prague. Understandably, in the following years, he become interested (in his tutor's footsteps) in history of physiology and pub- lished two monoghaphs (E. Babak andV Kruta). This CV would be an incomplete one without mentioning his broad interests in natural sciences and in art, particu- larly music and painting. As a tutored amateur he has acquired certain success in the latter. When reviewing P. Bravenfs whole-life work, largely done under adverse cir- cumstances with minimum financial support, his almost two hundred papers, innu- merable essays and four monographs are a commensurate result. In appreciation, he was awarded honorary membership of the Czech Medical Society, Physiological Society and Cardiological Society, Gold Medal of Masaryk University, Ministry of Education Award etc. Bohuslav Ostadal Makoto Nagano Naranjan S.

Rapid advances in molecular medicine have led to pronounced new developments in experimental and clinical cardiology. In the embrace of modern molecular biology and bridging the gap between the clinical and the genomic, cardiovascular medicine has seen major strides in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression. The ability to rapidly identify candidate human genes for cardiovascular diseases lends itself to the development of diverse strategies for disease treatment and management. The wide variety of gene expressions proffers excellent targets for novel therapeutics. Gene therapy is steadily increasing in viability and represents a fascinating arena of research and clinical focus. This book is based on two international Mendel symposia on "Genes and the Heart," joint meetings of the Japanese and European sections of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences. Highlighting selected symposia contributions, this book explores the role of molecular biology and genetics in the basic knowledge, genesis, and clinical interventions of cardiovascular diseases.