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Nearly four decades since the onset of the third wave, political
parties remain weak in Latin America: parties have collapsed in
much of the region, and most new party-building efforts have
failed. Why do some new parties succeed while most fail? This book
challenges the widespread belief that democracy and elections
naturally give rise to strong parties and argues that successful
party-building is more likely to occur under conditions of intense
conflict than under routine democracy. Periods of revolution, civil
war, populist mobilization, or authoritarian repression crystallize
partisan attachments, create incentives for organization-building,
and generate a 'higher cause' that attracts committed activists.
Empirically rich chapters cover diverse cases from across Latin
America, including both successful and failed cases.
Nearly four decades since the onset of the third wave, political
parties remain weak in Latin America: parties have collapsed in
much of the region, and most new party-building efforts have
failed. Why do some new parties succeed while most fail? This book
challenges the widespread belief that democracy and elections
naturally give rise to strong parties and argues that successful
party-building is more likely to occur under conditions of intense
conflict than under routine democracy. Periods of revolution, civil
war, populist mobilization, or authoritarian repression crystallize
partisan attachments, create incentives for organization-building,
and generate a 'higher cause' that attracts committed activists.
Empirically rich chapters cover diverse cases from across Latin
America, including both successful and failed cases.
Around the world, established parties are weakening, and new
parties are failing to take root. In many cases, outsiders have
risen and filled the void, posing a threat to democracy. Why do
most new parties fail? Under what conditions do they survive and
become long-term electoral fixtures? Brandon Van Dyck investigates
these questions in the context of the contemporary Latin American
left. He argues that stable parties are not an outgrowth of
democracy. On the contrary, contemporary democracy impedes
successful party building. To construct a durable party, elites
must invest time and labor, and they must share power with
activists. Because today's elites have access to party substitutes
like mass media, they can win votes without making such sacrifices
in time, labor, and autonomy. Only under conditions of soft
authoritarianism do office-seeking elites have a strong electoral
incentive to invest in party building. Van Dyck illustrates this
argument through a comparative analysis of four new left parties in
Latin America: two that collapsed and two that survived.
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