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Filling the many gaps in Formula 1 records, this book re-writes the
racing history books. The history of F1 can be neatly divided into
two eras, the first formally ending January 1980 when the terms
'Grand Prix' and 'World Championship' became synonymous, although
there would be three more non-championship races after that date.
However, up to January 1973 OVER HALF of F1 races were NOT included
in the Championship results for the spurious reason that each
country should have just a single F1 race. The classification of
many F1 races as 'non-Championship' did a disservice to the
achievements of drivers of the Fangio, Moss, Clark and Stewart era
and, even more-so, to the four pre-Championship years which began
in 1946. When, today, a commentator says "Rosberg's 16th win equals
the F1 wins of Stirling Moss" this is manifestly untrue. If the
same drivers, in the same F1 cars, compete at the same tracks, and
over a similar distance, then each race deserves to have its place
in the records as a 'Championship quality' event. This book
includes such races alongside contemporary Championship races and,
combined with known figures since 1980, produces what can surely be
accepted as 'The Real Score' of Formula 1.
The development of the space industry in the Asian and Pacific Rim region provides the context for this book. The two major countries hoping for leadership in the area (apart from China) are Japan and India, both of whom have significant launcher capabilities.There is a general introductory chapter which places the space programmes of the region in the comparative context of the other space-faring nations of the world. The author reviews the main space programmes of Japan and India in turn, concentrating on their origins, the development of launcher and space facilities, scientific and engineering programmes, and future prospects.The book concludes with a chapter comparing how similarly/differently Japan and India are developing their space programmes, how they are likely to proceed in the future, and what impact the programmes have had in their own region and what they have contributed so far to global space research.
The Rebirth of the Russian Space Program looks at the Russian
space programme in 2007, 50 years after Sputnik. Brian Harvey
covers all the key elements of the current Russian space programme,
from manned to unmanned missions; the various types of unmanned
applications programmes; the military programme; the infrastructure
of production, launch centres and tracking; the commercialization
of the programme and its relationship with western companies; and
the programme in a comparative global context. Strong emphasis is
placed on Russiaa (TM)s future space intentions and on new
programmes and missions in prospect, such as Soyuz in Kourou,
Kliper, Phobos Grunt and the Angara launcher. End matter contains a
list of all missions since January 1991 to December 2006.
When the Soviets experienced a series of setbacks in their space
program the USSR switched emphasis in their manned space program
away from the Moon towards the creation of orbital scientific
research platforms, the Space Station. With the success of Apollo,
the Soviets claimed they had never actually intended to fly to the
Moon, and that the space station was always their long-term goal.
However, recently disclosed Russian archives show that, contrary to
official statements in the late 1960s and early 1970s, there was a
planned Soviet program to send cosmonauts around the Moon and
eventually to land on the surface. For the Americans, having lost
their only competitor in the race for the Moon, the need for the
Apollo program was questioned even before the first landing was
achieved. With the near tragic flight of Apollo 13 in 1970 the
pressure was on to cut the program and redirect efforts towards
more Earth-focused objectives. At the height of success, the Apollo
missions were reduced from 20 to 17, and plans for extending the
flights to include lunar stays of 14 days to create a lunar base
were scrapped. the Moon by either America or Russia. The final
Soviet Luna probe flew in 1976 and the following year the network
of scientific experiments left on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts
were switched off. Whilst many plans were put forward to return to
the Moon, only two probes, Clementine and Lunar Prospector have
supplemented information from the Apollo era.
Russia's accomplishments in planetary space exploration were not
achieved easily. Formerly, the USSR experienced frustration in
trying to tame unreliable Molniya and Proton upper stages and in
tracking spacecraft over long distances. This book will assess the
scientific haul of data from the Venus and Mars missions and look
at the engineering approaches. The USSR developed several
generations of planetary probes: from MV and Zond to the Phobos
type. The engineering techniques used and the science packages are
examined, as well as the nature of the difficulties encountered
which ruined several missions. The programme's scientific and
engineering legacy is also addressed, as well as its role within
the Soviet space programme as a whole. Brian Harvey concludes by
looking forward to future Russian planetary exploration (e.g Phobos
Grunt sample return mission). Several plans have been considered
and may, with a restoration of funding, come to fruition. Soviet
studies of deep space and Mars missions (e.g. TMK, Aelita) have
much to offer contemporary planners in Europe and the United
States. value in constructing human exploration of Mars.
Illustrated with the photographs taken by Soviet Venus and Mars
probes, pictures of the spacecraft, diagrams of the flight paths
and landing techniques and maps of the landing sites, the book will
build on the published scientific papers from the programme,
archived material and memoirs and other material coming to light in
recent years.
In October 2003 Yang Liwei made history as the first Chinese
citizen in space, orbiting the globe 14 times in the Shenzhou 5.
The Chinese space program has sometimes been called the last of the
secret space programs. Although it is far less secretive now than
formerly, fascinating revelations are still being made. Brian
Harvey examines the history of the Chinese space program, from it's
earliest times to the historic breakthrough of manned flight.
This comprehensive history of the Russian Soviet space programme, from its origins to the present, addresses the technical, political, historical, human and organisational issues and provides a balanced focus on manned and unmanned programmes. It is the first book to access the Russian space programme over the ten-year period since the fall of communism and provide an historical and contemporary treatment.
Henk van Luijk A continuing debate Business life and ethics have
always had an uneasy relationship. Together they feel
uncomfortable, separated from each other they feel truncated. But,
in more ways than one they need each other. For, to paraphrase a
famous expression of the philosopher Kant: business without an
ethical orientation is blind, and ethics without business
experience is void. There are two different reasons for this uneasy
relationship, a moral and an economic one. Business activities are
essentially motivated by the striving for profit, whereas ethical
considerations are marked by an equal attention given to the
interests of all relevant others. This is the moral reason. The
economic reason is implied in the conviction that the market
constitutes a morally neutral zone, or, to put it positively, that
market participants take care not only of themselves but also of
the general welfare by behaving in accordance with market rules and
regulations. Both reaso s playa role in discussions on the rela
tion between business and ethics. For several decades, and more
specifically since the beginning of the eighties, we have witnessed
a continuing debate concerning the social responsibility of
business, the content and extension of that responsibility and its
moral and ideological basis. Positions are defended by business
representatives and academics alike, under similar such headings as
' social responsibility of business' or 'corporate responsibility',
'business ethics', 'corporate ethics' or 'market morality'. Two,
perhaps three, clusters of questions present themselves as
particularly urgent."
This book provides an annual update on recent space launches,
missions and results. The annual, written for both young and older
space enthusiasts, provides a regular, balanced review of all the
world's major space programmes. It covers space exploration from a
variety of angles: looking back at past missions, reviewing those
currently under way and looking to those planned for the future.
The ten invited contributions each year will cover a variety of
topics within these areas. The book is for space enthusiasts from
teens upwards through to professionals working in the worldwide
space industry and journalists covering space issues.
Henk van Luijk A continuing debate Business life and ethics have
always had an uneasy relationship. Together they feel
uncomfortable, separated from each other they feel truncated. But,
in more ways than one they need each other. For, to paraphrase a
famous expression of the philosopher Kant: business without an
ethical orientation is blind, and ethics without business
experience is void. There are two different reasons for this uneasy
relationship, a moral and an economic one. Business activities are
essentially motivated by the striving for profit, whereas ethical
considerations are marked by an equal attention given to the
interests of all relevant others. This is the moral reason. The
economic reason is implied in the conviction that the market
constitutes a morally neutral zone, or, to put it positively, that
market participants take care not only of themselves but also of
the general welfare by behaving in accordance with market rules and
regulations. Both reaso s playa role in discussions on the rela
tion between business and ethics. For several decades, and more
specifically since the beginning of the eighties, we have witnessed
a continuing debate concerning the social responsibility of
business, the content and extension of that responsibility and its
moral and ideological basis. Positions are defended by business
representatives and academics alike, under similar such headings as
' social responsibility of business' or 'corporate responsibility',
'business ethics', 'corporate ethics' or 'market morality'. Two,
perhaps three, clusters of questions present themselves as
particularly urgent."
Brian Harvey recounts for the first time the definitive history of
scientific Russian space probes and the knowledge they acquired of
the Earth, its environment, the Moon, Mars and Venus. He examines
what Russian Space Science has actually achieved in furthering our
knowledge of the Solar System, focusing on the instrumentation and
scientific objectives and outcomes, the information gained and
lessons learnt. Boxes and charts are used extensively in order to
convey in an easily understandable manner for the non-scientific
reader the problems and issues addressed and solved by Soviet space
science. The book opens with the story of early space science in
Russia, which started when the first Russian rockets were fired
into the high atmosphere from Kapustin Yar in the late 1940s.
Instruments were carried to measure and map the atmosphere and
later rockets carried dogs to test their reactions to
weightlessness. In order to beat America into Earth orbit, two
simpler satellites than originally planned were launched, Sputnik
and Sputnik 2, which provided some initial information on
atmospheric density, while the following Sputnik 3 carried twelve
instruments to measure radiation belts, solar radiation, the
density of the atmosphere and the Earth s magnetic field. The
author recounts how, by the 1960s, the Soviet Union had developed a
program of investigation of near-Earth space using satellites
within the Cosmos program, in particular the DS (Dnepropetrovsky
Sputnik), small satellites developed to investigate meteoroids,
radiation, the magnetic fields, the upper atmosphere, solar
activity, ionosphere, charged particles, cosmic rays and
geophysics. Brian Harvey then gives the scientific results from
Russian lunar exploration, starting with the discovery of the solar
wind by the First Cosmic Ship and the initial mapping of the lunar
far side by the Automatic Interplanetary Station. He describes Luna
10, which made the first full study of the lunar environment, Luna
16 which brought soil back to Earth and the two Moon rovers which
travelled 50 kms across the lunar surface taking thousands of
measurements, soil analyses and photographs, as well as profiles of
discrete areas. Chapters 4 and 5 describe in detail the scientific
outcomes of the missions to Venus and Mars, before considering the
orbiting space stations in Chapter 6. Space science formed an
important part of the early manned space program, the prime focus
being the human reaction to weightlessness, how long people could
stay in orbit and the effects on the body, as well as radiation
exposure. Chapter 7 looks at the later stage of Soviet and Russian
space science, including Astron and Granat, the two observatories
of the 1980s, and Bion, the space biology program which flew
monkeys and other animals into orbit. The final chapter looks
forward to a new period of Russian space science with the Spektr
series of observatories and a range smaller science satellites
under the Federal Space Plan 2006-2015.
This work introduces the important emerging space powers of the
world.
Brian Harvey describes the origins of the Japanese space
program, from rocket designs based on WW II German U-boats to tiny
solid fuel 'pencil' rockets, which led to the launch of the first
Japanese satellite in 1970. The next two chapters relate how Japan
expanded its space program, developing small satellites into
astronomical observatories and sending missions to the Moon, Mars,
comet Halley, and asteroids.
Chapter 4 describes how India's Vikram Sarabhai developed a
sounding rocket program in the 1960s. The following chapter
describes the expansion of the Indian space program. Chapter 6
relates how the Indian space program is looking ahead to the
success of the moon probe Chandrayan, due to launch in 2008, and
its first manned launching in 2014. Chapters 7, 8, and 9
demonstrate how, in Iran, communications and remote sensing drive
space technology.
Chapter 10 outlines Brazil's road to space, begun in the
mid-1960's with the launch of the Sonda sounding rockets. The
following two chapters describe Brazil's satellites and space
launch systems and plans for the future. Chapters 13 and 14 study
Israel's space industry. The next chapters look at the burgeoning
space programs of North and South Korea.
The book ends by contrasting and comparing all the space
programs and speculating how they may evolve in the future. An
appendix lists all launches and launch attempts to date of the
emerging space powers.
In Europe's Space Programme - to Ariane and Beyond, author Brian Harvey begins with the fledgling European rocket effort of the 1930s and the key pioneers of the period, examining the significance of the V-2 and the technological advances represented by its development. He shows how the Russians and Americans put their captured V-2s to work, but the European countries were slower to respond. Both Britain and France developed national space programmes in the 1950s and 1960s and the early attempts at European co-operation for launcher development - ELDO and ESRO - are described. The formation of the European Space Agency and the origins of the successful Ariane launcher programme are discussed and Europe's subsequent success in the world launcher market, its cutting-edge role in space applications and European manned spaceflight, are all described in detail.
The machines that orbit our planet live in a void environment -
however, space travel itself does not exist in a vacuum. Travelling
to space is an immense effort of humans and machines, taking not
just 'a small step for a man' but leaving a huge carbon footprint
in the process. We are in the midst of a paradigm shift in which
private companies and leadership figures in the form of
billionaires are re-popularising space travel to an extent not seen
since the space race between the USSR and USA. Space exists
isolated from the place that births its mechanical and a few select
human inhabitants. Thus, we tend to forget that every single thing
that exits our atmosphere takes with it more than just its own
weight of materials when it departs our fragile blue marble. This
title is the first of its kind: An atlas of all major sites where
space rockets have been launched since the World's first Sputnik in
1958. On 272 pages, the author Brian Harvey and his co-author
Gurbir Singh showcase the steps of space travel as they have never
been presented before. Detailed maps allow deep insights to places
which are restricted to the public. This book offers a unique look
at the physical footprints of Earth's launch sites. With most
places hidden away in jungles, deserts, or amid the Central Asian
steppes, these places exist for the most part out of the eye of the
general public. With satellites facilitating our modern society and
a modern space age ever-present in today's news cycle, it is now
more important than ever to think about the imprint these
undertakings leave on Earth. To begin to answer the new
socio-economic questions raised by our rapid expansion into the
void, we need to look no further than the cracks in the concrete of
our planetary launch sites. The rusty train tracks leading to the
pads break the pristine and sterile look of space and reopen our
eyes to the realities of space exploration.
When biologist Brian Harvey saw a thousand fish blundering into a
Brazilian dam, he asked the obvious: What's going to happen to
them? The End of the River is the story of his long search for an
answer. The End of the River is about people and rivers and the
misuse of science. Harvey takes readers from a fisheries patrol
boat on the Fraser River to the great Tsukiji fish market in Japan,
with stops in the Philippines, Thailand, and assorted South
American countries. Finally, in the arid outback of northeast
Brazil, against a backdrop of a multi-billion dollar river project
nobody seems to want, he finds a small-scale answer to his simple
question. The End of the River is a journey with many companions.
Some are literary, some are imaginary. But mostly they're real
characters, human and otherwise: a six-foot endangered catfish, a
Canadian professor with a weakness for Thai bar girls, a
chain-smoking Brazilian Brunnhilde with a passion for her river, a
drug-addled stick-up artist. The End of the River is about
fishermen and fish farmers and even fish cops; there are scientists
and shysters as well as a few Colombian narcotraficos and some very
drunk, very hairy Brazilian men in thongs. Funny and sad, The End
of the River is a new kind of writing about the environment, as far
off the beaten track as you can get in a Land Rover driven by a
female Colombian biologist whose favourite expression is "Oops - no
road " "A wonderful and engaging read with a samba beat, on the
plight of the planet's living waters. The End of the River is the
book Nemo would write if he could. A great way to open peoples'
eyes." - Thomas E. Lovejoy, President, Heinz Center for Science,
Economics and the Environment
In 1889, a starving, struggling writer published an article in
London's MacMillan's Magazine that criticized the British about
their dogs. Although the author was unnamed when the publication
appeared, such a furor was created that it gave the writer fame and
notoriety that he would successfully exploit the rest of his life
and help him to become successful. Within a couple of years, the
name W. H. Hudson became familiar to London's literary and
scientific circles with his original essays on the natural history
of La Plata in the Argentine and Patagonia to the south, especially
his descriptions of bird and other animal life. Hudson loved all
life, including the human species, and certainly was not the
dog-hater that he was portrayed to be. This purpose of this study
of Hudson's writings is to provide an honest appraisal of his true
feelings towards dogs. A native of Argentina, the son of American
emigrants, home schooled and self-educated as a naturalist, Hudson,
at age 31 immigrated to England in 1874 to make his way as a
naturalist and writer and almost perished before realizing success.
His literary career spanned a period of almost 40 years ending with
his death at age 81 in 1922. The two decades preceding and
following 1900 were exciting and emotional times in both literary
and scientific London. In England, the Anti-Vivisectionist movement
was reaching a feverish pitch, culminating in the Brown Dog Riots
after the turn of the century. At the same time in America, the
famous naturalist John Burroughs initiated the great nature-faker
caper in which President Roosevelt felt he had to intervene in
order to quell, and came to regret. As he gained fame, Hudson
became friends with many of the well-known writers of the period
that included Joseph Conrad, John Galsworthy, Ezra Pound, Ford
Maddox Ford, Leigh Hunt, to name a few. Today, however, Hudson is
largely forgotten, remembered mostly for his novel "Green Mansions"
which is not exemplary of his best work. His most lasting work is
his study of the shepherds of the downs of southern England, "A
Shepherd's Life," which contains some of his best writings about
dogs, the sheepdogs of the downs. This books includes a special
bonus in the Appendix, transcripts of original, unpublished letters
of Hudson and John Burroughs from the estate of the Australian
ornithologist Charles Barrett.
The Space Exploration annuals provide a yearly update on recent
space launches, missions and results, to be published every
September. The annual covers space exploration from a variety of
angles, looking back at past missions, reviewing those currently
under way and detailing those planned for the future, and
encompassing both manned and unmanned spaceflight. The annual is
written at an accessible level for both young and older space
enthusiasts to provide a regular, balanced review of all the
world's major space programmes, past, present and future. There is
a special additional section in this year's annual entitled,
'Return to the Moon'.
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