This dissertation sought to ascertain the attitudes of retired African- American New Jersey State Troopers regarding the New Jersey State Police Education Promotion Policy. It utilized a triangulation methodology to offset any researcher bias. Ten African-American retired State Troopers and four White retired State Troopers served as the subjects for the study. The subjects were interviewed via telephone. All of the data were coded utilizing Atlast Ti 5.1 software and transcribed by the author. The research questioned the feasibility and timing of the education promotion policy. The respondents of the research believed the timing of the policy was unfair and should have been grandfathered in for those who had been employed prior to its implementation. The respondents also reported they received greater recognition for their educational credentials after they retired from the New Jersey State Police, contrary to the premise of the policy.

There has never been a more important time for those involved in criminal justice policy, operations and civil service to know their history. The Historical Dictionary of American Criminal Justice provides a comprehensive overview of the development of criminal justice in the United States. Criminal justice is a multidisciplinary endeavor, emerging across time and place through the fields of philosophy, law, biology, anthropology, and sociology. Developments occur quickly and regularly, the meanings of which are deeply embedded, not only in an historical context, but in complicated social, economic, and political circumstances as well. The field is particularly vulnerable to the exploitations of power being as closely aligned with the forces of social control as it is. The Historical Dictionary of American Criminal Justice contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 1,200 cross-referenced entries on the most relevant concepts, cases, people, and terms. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about American criminal justice.