This text gives a rigorous treatment of the foundations of calculus. In contrast to more traditional approaches, infinite sequences and series are placed at the forefront. The approach taken has not only the merit of simplicity, but students are well placed to understand and appreciate more sophisticated concepts in advanced mathematics. The authors mitigate potential difficulties in mastering the material by motivating definitions, results and proofs. Simple examples are provided to illustrate new material and exercises are included at the end of most sections. Noteworthy topics include: an extensive discussion of convergence tests for infinite series, Wallis's formula and Stirling's formula, proofs of the irrationality of and e and a treatment of Newton's method as a special instance of finding fixed points of iterated functions.

The calculus of variations has a long history of interaction with other branches of mathematics, such as geometry and differential equations, and with physics, particularly mechanics. More recently, the calculus of variations has found applications in other fields such as economics and electrical engineering. Much of the mathematics underlying control theory, for instance, can be regarded as part of the calculus of variations.This book is an introductory account of the calculus of variations suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of mathematics, physics, or engineering. The mathematical background assumed of the reader is a course in multivariable calculus, and some familiarity with the elements of real analysis and ordinary differential equations. The book focuses on variational problems that involve one independent variable. The fixed endpoint problem and problems with constraints are discussed in detail. In addition, more advanced topics such as the inverse problem, eigenvalue problems, separability conditions for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, and Noether's theorem are discussed. The text contains numerous examples to illustrate key concepts along with problems to help the student consolidate the material. The book can be used as a textbook for a one semester course on the calculus of variations, or as a book to supplement a course on applied mathematics or classical mechanics. Bruce van Brunt is Senior Lecturer at Massey University, New Zealand. He is the author of The Lebesgue-Stieltjes Integral, with Michael Carter, and has been teaching the calculus of variations to undergraduate and graduate students for several years.

This text gives a rigorous treatment of the foundations of calculus. In contrast to more traditional approaches, infinite sequences and series are placed at the forefront. The approach taken has not only the merit of simplicity, but students are well placed to understand and appreciate more sophisticated concepts in advanced mathematics. The authors mitigate potential difficulties in mastering the material by motivating definitions, results and proofs. Simple examples are provided to illustrate new material and exercises are included at the end of most sections. Noteworthy topics include: an extensive discussion of convergence tests for infinite series, Wallis's formula and Stirling's formula, proofs of the irrationality of and e and a treatment of Newton's method as a special instance of finding fixed points of iterated functions.

Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of mathematics, physics, or engineering, this introduction to the calculus of variations focuses on variational problems involving one independent variable. It also discusses more advanced topics such as the inverse problem, eigenvalue problems, and Noether 's theorem. The text includes numerous examples along with problems to help students consolidate the material.

This text provides a detailed presentation of the main results for infinite products, as well as several applications. The target readership is a student familiar with the basics of real analysis of a single variable and a first course in complex analysis up to and including the calculus of residues. The book provides a detailed treatment of the main theoretical results and applications with a goal of providing the reader with a short introduction and motivation for present and future study. While the coverage does not include an exhaustive compilation of results, the reader will be armed with an understanding of infinite products within the course of more advanced studies, and, inspired by the sheer beauty of the mathematics. The book will serve as a reference for students of mathematics, physics and engineering, at the level of senior undergraduate or beginning graduate level, who want to know more about infinite products. It will also be of interest to instructors who teach courses that involve infinite products as well as mathematicians who wish to dive deeper into the subject. One could certainly design a special-topics class based on this book for undergraduates. The exercises give the reader a good opportunity to test their understanding of each section.

Although students of analysis are familiar with real and complex numbers, few treatments of analysis deal with the development of such numbers in any depth. An understanding of number systems at a fundamental level is necessary for a deeper grasp of analysis. Beginning with elementary concepts from logic and set theory, this book develops in turn the natural numbers, the integers and the rational, real and complex numbers. The development is motivated by the need to solve polynomial equations, and the book concludes by proving that such equations have solutions in the complex number system.