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One of the major problems that confront the coffee planter is the
difficulty in establishing young seedlings in the main field after
transplanting. Many of the Scientists reported that, factors like
slow growth of seedlings, long dry spells after transplantating and
transplantation shock affect the establishment of young seedlings
in the main field. In order to achieve healthy growth of young
coffee plants during establishment stage, special attention should
be given to balanced nutrition and after care. Although a great
deal of research has been undertaken in the nutrition requirement
of grownup coffee in many countries, only few studies exist on
young coffee. Combination of F3 level of fertilizer (20:20:20 and
40:60:40 NPK g plant/year - arabica and robusta respectively), P2
source of phosphorus (50 % Rock phosphate + 50 % Single super
phosphate), with microbial inoculants produced vigorous and healthy
seedlings during pre bearing stage of arabica and robusta coffee
varieties.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the oldest oilseed crop known and
cultivated by man. Among the oilseed crops, sesame ranks first for
having the highest oil content of 46-64 per cent and 6355 K cal per
kg dietary energy in seeds. The seed of sesame is also rich in
protein (20-28 %), sugar (14-16 %) and minerals (5-7 %).The
specific reasons identified for the low yield of sesame in India is
due to its cultivation under sub-marginal lands without due
importance to the choice of appropriate season, high yielding
variety, nutrient management and new agro-technological packages.
One way of increasing the productivity in sesame is by increasing
the number of branches leading to increase in total number of
capsules per plant. Maintaining the plant population also plays a
vital role in realizing the yield potential of sesame. Possibility
of cultivation of sesame in summer season under irrigated condition
wherever supplemental water resource is available had not been
tried or practiced by the farmers of this region. Therefore,
selection of suitable variety, time of sowing, appropriate geometry
and agronomic technologies are importance for increasing the
productivity of sesame in this region.
Freshwater is a finite and precious resource that is essential for
sustaining life, as are the natural systems that provide and
maintain its supply. Irrigation has been a vital input for food
security and sustainable livelihoods, especially in developing
countries during the Green Revolution, since it has increased
income and improved health and nutrition, locally, and by bridging
the gap between production and demand, nationally. As demand
increases, this vital, irreplaceable resource is becoming
increasingly scarce. A potential crisis is looming where available
resources can no longer meet the growing needs. Over exploitation
of groundwater by increased number of bore wells, culminates in
seawater intrusion into the groundwater aquifers. To overcome such
problems, the Governments of many countries worldwide have already
recognized the need for transferring management responsibilities to
water users. The major reasons for Participatory Irrigation
Management Transfer are: improving irrigation system performance
and productivity and programs of respective governments; enhancing
the sustainability and reducing environmental impacts.
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