Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

There was a 'Louisiana Territory' before there was a United States of America - it had existed alongside the 'colonies' as a foreign land, and its major city, New Orleans, had reigned as a 'Xanadu on the Mississippi' for over 100 years before the Territory and its crown jewel were purchased from France... With the Louisiana Purchase, New Orleans arrived into the United States as a glistening, flamboyant, fully-grown enigma of imperialism, with Catholicism an imposed state religion, and newly classified as a slave-state...the populace had been betrayed again. The French citizenry wanted no part of this upstart nation, but were now invaded by opportunists and adventurers from an antiroyalist, Anglo-Saxon-Protestant nation...its wealth, customs, religion and language totally setting it apart from the rest of the country. The city of New Orleans, more than any other portion of the Louisiana Territory, became a 'foreign' outpost on 'American' soil and a target for every exploiter of humanity from the infant union.

This work fills the gap for a comprehensive reference conveying the developments in global optimization of atomic structures using genetic algorithms. Over the last few decades, such algorithms based on mimicking the processes of natural evolution have made their way from computer science disciplines to solid states physics and chemistry, where they have demonstrated their versatility and predictive power for many materials. Following an introduction and historical perspective, the text moves on to provide an in-depth description of the algorithm before describing its applications to crystal structure prediction, atomic clusters, surface and interface reconstructions, and quasi one-dimensional nanostructures. The final chapters provide a brief account of other methods for atomic structure optimization and perspectives on the future of the field.

The Valente family has left their Sicilian village of Catania, where they have been living at the foot of a menacing volcano, to fulfill their dreams in America. They settle in a coal patch town in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, nestled in the glorious Laurel Mountains. Paul Valente age thirteen, first generation American, emerges as the provider for the family of ten after his father's crippling mining accident.

Struggling to find his identity as a man and a miner in a brutal underground world, Paul battles prejudice inside and outside the mine. He is strong, with a passion for the American lifestyle of flashy clothes, cars, and jazz music, which his father cannot understand.

"Little Catania" is a story of heroes and scoundrels, both men and women-a saga of two families-the close-knit Valentes and the floundering Mianis-that delves into love/hate relationships as the Miani family, delicately tethered together by feelings of parental abandonment, struggles for acceptance from a father living in a world of his own mind's creation. A chronicle of life's events, goals, and tragedies as mining families face their challenges in stride, "Little Catania" pays homage to miners, the forgotten heroes of an industrial war.

E.P. Wigner, one of the leading scientists involved in the early development of nuclear technology, had always in mind its political and social implications. In the 60s persuing his goal of a peaceful open world he began to develop the concept of Civil Defense against nuclear attacks. Looking back one might see this as an alternative to the concept of the Nuclear Shield. The present volume contains a selection of Wigner's writings on this subject. It is annotated by Conrad Chester.