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Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) is an important cause
of noncirrhotic portal hypertension in the developing countries (up
to 30% of all variceal bleeders) and is second to cirrhosis in the
West (up to 5-10%). EHPVO is also the most common cause of upper
gastrointestinal bleeding in children. It accounts for almost 70%
of pediatric patients with portal hypertension. EHPVO occurring in
the pre-pubertal period could result in growth retardation in
around 50% of the children. Reduced portal blood supply to the
liver, resistance to growth hormone function and reduced
insulin-like growth factor has been hypothesized for growth
retardation. This study aimed to find out whether digestive or
endocrine abnormality is responsible for growth retardation in
EHPVO.
WHO has identified nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drugs as among
the top 10 contributors of morbidity and mortality in the world.
Substance use disorders are preventable conditions that are major
contributors to poor health, family dysfunction, and various social
problems that have a profound economic impact. Digestive system
damage caused by substance intake is an increasing problem among
drug addicts. Alcohol abuse is the predominant cause of liver
fibrosis and acute and/or chronic pancreatitis. Many studies show
that alcohol consumption can cause cancer of all parts of the
digestive system. During ethanol intake, the upper GIT is exposed
to concentrations of alcohol several times higher than those in
other tissues. Therefore, chronic alcoholics may present with GI
complaints more commonly than non-alcoholics. This work was
designed with the objective to study the histopathological changes
in the small intestine of chronic alcoholics, to study the effects
of chronic alcohol intake on small intestinal cellular functions
with focus on brush border enzymes, membrane enzymes, and cellular
enzymes and to study the alterations of small intestinal
microecology in chronic alcoholics.
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