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This unique volume is about how ordinary people construct political
meanings, form political emotions and identities, and become
involved in or disengaged from political contests. Drawing on
psychological anthropology, it illustrates the complexities of
political subjectivities through engaging personal stories that
complicate our understanding of the relationship between culture
and politics. Chapters examine the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street
in the United States, third gender activism in India, Rastafari in
Jamaica, Courage to Refuse in Israel, the environmental movement in
the U.S., Salafi movements in northern Nigeria, post-socialist
labor politics in Romania, and anti-immigrant activism in Denmark.
Questions about immigration and social welfare programs raise the
central issues of who belongs to a society and what its members
deserve. Yet the opinions of the American public about these
important issues seem contradictory and confused. Claudia Strauss
explains why: public opinion on these issues and many others is
formed not from liberal or conservative ideologies but from diverse
vernacular discourses that may not fit standard ideologies but are
easy to remember and repeat. Drawing on interviews with people from
various backgrounds, Strauss identifies and describes 59
conventional discourses about immigration and social welfare and
demonstrates how we acquire conventional discourses from our
opinion communities. Making Sense of Public Opinion: American
Discourses about Immigration and Social Programs explains what
conventional discourses are, how to study them, and why they are
fundamental elements of public opinion and political culture.
Recent developments in the organization of work and production have
facilitated the decline of wage employment in many regions of the
world. However, the idea of the wage continues to dominate the
political imaginations of governments, researchers and activists,
based on the historical experiences of industrial workers in the
global North. This edited collection revitalises debates on the
future of work by challenging the idea of wage employment as the
global norm. Taking theoretical inspiration from the global South,
the authors compare lived experiences of 'ordinary work' across
taken-for-granted conceptual and geographical boundaries; from
Cambodian brick kilns to Catalonian cooperatives. Their
contributions open up new possibilities for how work, identity and
security might be woven together differently. This volume is an
invaluable resource for academics, students and readers interested
in alternative and emerging forms of work around the world.
This unique volume is about how ordinary people construct political
meanings, form political emotions and identities, and become
involved in or disengaged from political contests. Drawing on
psychological anthropology, it illustrates the complexities of
political subjectivities through engaging personal stories that
complicate our understanding of the relationship between culture
and politics. Chapters examine the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street
in the United States, third gender activism in India, Rastafari in
Jamaica, Courage to Refuse in Israel, the environmental movement in
the U.S., Salafi movements in northern Nigeria, post-socialist
labor politics in Romania, and anti-immigrant activism in Denmark.
Questions about immigration and social welfare programs raise the
central issues of who belongs to a society and what its members
deserve. Yet the opinions of the American public about these
important issues seem contradictory and confused. Claudia Strauss
explains why: public opinion on these issues and many others is
formed not from liberal or conservative ideologies but from diverse
vernacular discourses that may not fit standard ideologies but are
easy to remember and repeat. Drawing on interviews with people from
various backgrounds, Strauss identifies and describes 59
conventional discourses about immigration and social welfare and
demonstrates how we acquire conventional discourses from our
opinion communities. Making Sense of Public Opinion: American
Discourses about Immigration and Social Programs explains what
conventional discourses are, how to study them, and why they are
fundamental elements of public opinion and political culture.
"Culture" and "meaning" are central to anthropology, but anthropologists do not agree on what they are. Claudia Strauss and Naomi Quinn propose a new theory of cultural meaning, one that gives priority to the way people's experiences are internalized. Drawing on "connectionist" or "neural network" models as well as other psychological theories, they argue that cultural meanings are not fixed or limited to static groups, but neither are they constantly revised or contested. Their approach is illustrated by original research on understandings of marriage and ideas of success in the United States.
A full understanding of human action requires an understanding of
what motivates people to do what they do. For too many years
studies of motivation and of culture have drawn from different
theoretical paradigms. Typically, human motivation has been
modelled on animal behaviour, while culture has been described as
pure knowledge or symbol. The result has been insufficient
appreciation of the role of culture in human motivation and a
truncated view of culture as disembodied knowledge. In this volume,
anthropologists have attempted a different approach, seeking to
integrate knowledge, desire, and action in a single explanatory
framework. This research builds upon recent work in cognitive
anthropology on cultural models, that is, shared cognitive schemas
through which human realities are constructed and interpreted,
while also drawing upon insights from developmental psychology,
psychoanalytic theory, and social theory. Most of the research
described here was conducted in the United States and deals with
some of the pressing concerns - romance, marriage, parenthood, and
success - of women and men from different class and ethnic
backgrounds. A study of gender roles in Mexico provides comparative
cross-cultural data. Several of the chapters deal with oppressive
social ideologies, exploring cultural models of gender and class.
The careful, in-depth case studies and innovative methods of
discourse analysis used here turn up findings about the relation of
ideology to people's thought and action that challenge any kind of
simple social determinism.
"Culture" and "meaning" are central to anthropology, but anthropologists do not agree on what they are. Claudia Strauss and Naomi Quinn propose a new theory of cultural meaning, one that gives priority to the way people's experiences are internalized. Drawing on "connectionist" or "neural network" models as well as other psychological theories, they argue that cultural meanings are not fixed or limited to static groups, but neither are they constantly revised or contested. Their approach is illustrated by original research on understandings of marriage and ideas of success in the United States.
A full understanding of human action requires an understanding of what motivates people to do what they do. For too many years studies of motivation have drawn from different theoretical paradigms. Typically, human motivation has been modeled on animal behavior, while culture has been described as pure knowledge or symbol. The result has been insufficient appreciation of the role of culture in human motivation and a truncated view of culture as disembodied knowledge. The anthropologists in this volume have attempted a different approach, seeking to integrate knowledge, desire, and action into a single explanatory framework. This research builds on recent work in cognitive anthropology on cultural models.
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