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In the last decade and a half, great progress has been made in the
development of concepts and models for mixture toxicity, both in
human and environmental toxicology. However, due to their different
protection goals, developments have often progressed in parallel
but with little integration. Arguably the first book to clearly
link ecotoxicology and classic human toxicology, Mixture Toxicity:
Linking Approaches from Ecological and Human Toxicology
incorporates extensive reviews of exposure to toxicants,
toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, toxicity of mixtures, and risk
assessment. The book examines developments in both fields, compares
and contrasts their current state of the art, and identifies where
one field can learn from the other. Each chapter provides an
essential overview of the state of the art in both human and
ecotoxicological mixture risk assessment, focusing on the work
published in the last fifteen years. The coverage progresses from
exposure to risk assessment, at each step identifying the special
complications typically raised by mixtures. Based on in-depth
discussions among specialists representing different disciplines
and approaches, the chapters each address: Exposure - how to
quantify the amounts of chemicals that may enter the living
organism Kinetics, dynamics, and metabolism - how the chemicals
enter an organism, travel within the organism, how they are
metabolized and reach the target site, and explain development of
toxicity with time Toxicity - what are the chemicals' detrimental
effects on the organism Test design and complex mixture
characterization - how chemicals interact, how to measure effects
of mixtures, and how to identify responsible chemicals Risk
assessment - how to assess for risks in humans and the environment
An unusual combination of different points of view on exposure to
and risk assessment of chemical mixtures, this book summarizes
current knowledge on combined effects of toxicant mixtures,
information that is generally only available in a very fragmented
form as individual journal papers. It identifies possible
crosslinks and includes recommendations for mutual developments
that can improve the state of knowledge on mixture toxicity and
ultimately lead to better and more integrated risk assessment.
While the subject of environmental stress in animals is broad, the
available information is fragmentary and lacks an up-to-date
overview and analysis. Environmental Stress and Cellular Response
in Arthropods fills these knowledge gaps. Written by three experts
from the same institution, the chapters have a consistency not
often found in multi-authored or contributed books. The authors
describe environmental stress in arthropods, specifically
Drosophila and analyze the process in all its aspects, from
biochemical mechanisms to effects on the whole organism.
Incorporating new information that has become available in recent
years, the authors explore hypotheses about the integrated response
these systems often have. They explore topics ranging from
disturbance of homeostasis, changes in metabolic processes, damage
of cellular structures to acquired tolerance, effects on aging
processes, and survival and cell death. By analyzing all these
aspects in detail at the molecular, biochemical, and physiological
level of the cell, the authors give you a thorough look at the
relationship between an organism and its environment at the
cellular level.
Arthropods are animals with a hard outer skeleton and a jointed
body and limbs. Arthropods make up a phylum of invertebrates that
includes insects, such as ants, beetles, and butterflies;
crustaceans, such as lobsters, shrimps, and crabs; and arachnids,
including scorpions, spiders and ticks. In terms of sheer numbers
and the purposes they fulfill, arthropods are the most successful
animals on Earth. As prey for other animals, plant pollinators and
recyclers of organic matter in a variety of ecological niches,
arthropods are essential for the balance of life on this planet.
Understanding how this phylum responds to cellular stress is vital
for accurate and precise ecological monitoring. Arthropod cellular
stress defenses are detailed in this important reference, shedding
new light on banks of ecological and ecotoxicological data. The
author discusses stress proteins, reactive oxygen species, and key
enzymes in the context of a wide range of environmental
xenobiotics, giving researchers in environmental and ecological
monitoring a valuable interpretative tool. Those with a research
interest in arthropods will also find this text a handy addition to
their bookshelves.
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