This comprehensive and up-to-date review of learning and educational quality in developing countries, written by 16 highly knowledgeable specialists from around the world, provides policymakers and researchers accessible perspectives with the Millennium Development Goals in mind.

Die Verletzung vorvertraglicher Aufklärungspflichten beim Franchising steht im Mittelpunkt gerichtlicher Auseinandersetzungen zwischen Franchise-Geber und Franchise-Nehmer. Gleichzeitig stellt sich bei internationalen Franchise-Systemen die Frage nach dem anwendbaren Recht, da die internationalprivatrechtliche Anknüpfung von Ansprüchen aus culpa in contrahendo immer noch umstritten ist. Mit dieser Arbeit werden die spezifischen Aufklärungspflichten des Franchise-Gebers beschrieben und mit dem Franchise-Recht des US-Bundesstaates Kalifornien verglichen. Den Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bildet jedoch die Frage der Qualifikation und des Statuts von Ansprüchen aus culpa in contrahendo bei der Verletzung vorvertraglicher Aufklärungspflichten. Durch eine eingehende Analyse des deutschen internationalen Deliktsrechts nach der IPR-Reform von 1999 zeigt der Verfasser auf, dass sich der Gesetzgeber für die deliktische Anknüpfung der culpa in contrahendo entschieden hat. Die vertragsakzessorische Anknüpfung bietet dabei das notwendige Korrelat, um das Spannungsfeld zwischen Delikts- und Vertragsstatut unter Berücksichtigung materiellrechtlicher Gerechtigkeit aufzulösen.

The latest in a series of books from the International Hypoxia Symposia, this volume spans reviews on key topics in hypoxia, and abstracts from poster and oral presentations. The biannual International Hypoxia Symposia are dedicated to hosting the best basic scientific and clinical minds to focus on the integrative and translational biology of hypoxia. Long before 'translational medicine' was a catchphrase, the founders of the International Hypoxia Symposia brought together basic scientists, clinicians and physiologists to live, eat, ski, innovate and collaborate in the Canadian Rockies. This collection of reviews and abstracts is divided into six sections, each covering new and important work relevant to a broad range of researchers interested in how humans adjust to hypoxia, whether on the top of Mt. Everest or in the pulmonary or cardiology clinic at low altitude. The sections include: Epigenetic Variations in Hypoxia High Altitude Adaptation Hypoxia and Sleep Hypoxia and the Brain Molecular Oxygen Sensing Physiological Responses to Hypoxia

The Multiple Inert Gas Elimination Technique (MIGET) is a complex methodology involving specialized gas chromatography and sophisticated mathematics developed in the early 1970's. Essentially, nobody possesses knowledge of all its elements except for its original developers, and while some practical and theoretical aspects have been published over the years, none have included the level of detail that would be necessary for a potential user to adopt and understand the technique easily. This book is unique in providing a highly detailed, comprehensive technical description of the theory and practice underlying the MIGET to help potential users set up the method and solve problems they may encounter. But it is much more than a reference manual - it is a substantial physiological and mathematical treatise in its own right. It also has a wide applicability - there is extensive discussion of the common biological problem of quantitative inference. The authors took measured whole-lung gas exchange variables, and used mathematical procedures to infer the distribution of ventilation and blood flow from this data. In so doing, they developed novel approaches to answer the question: What are the limits to what can be concluded when inferring the inner workings from the "black box" behavior of a system? The book details the approaches developed, which can be generalized to other similar distributed functions within tissues and organs. They involve engineering approaches such as linear and quadratic programming, and uniquely use mathematical tools with biological constraints to obtain as much information as possible about a "black box" system. Lastly, the book summarizes the hundreds of research papers published by a number of groups over the decades in a way never before attempted in order to marshal the world's literature on the topic and to provide in one place the wealth of important discoveries, both physiological a nd clinical, enabled by the technique.

Hypoxia remains a constant threat throughout life. It is for this reason that the International Hypoxia Society strives to maintain a near quarter century tradition of presenting a stimulating blend of clinical and basic science discussions. International experts from many fields have focused on the state-of-the-art discoveries in normal and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia.

Topics in this volume include gene-environment interactions, a theme developed in both a clinical context regarding exercise and hypoxia, as well as in native populations living in high altitudes. Furthermore, experts in the field have combined topics such as skeletal muscle angiogenesis and hypoxia, high altitude pulmonary edema, new insights into the biology of the erythropoietin receptor, and the latest advances in cardiorespiratory control in hypoxia. This volume explores the fields of anatomy, cardiology, biological transport, and biomedical engineering among many others.

The International Hypoxia Symposium convenes biannually to bring together international experts from many fields to explore the state of the art in normal and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. Representatives from five continents and 32 countries joined together in February 2003 for four days in the dramatic mountains of Banff, Alberta. As editors of the Proceedings of the International Hypoxia Symposia, we strive to maintain a 26 six year tradition of presenting a stimulating blend of clinical and basic science papers focused on hypoxia. Topics covered in 2003 include hibernation and hypoxia, hypoxia and fetal development and new advances in high altitude pathophysiology, oxidative stress and membrane damage, hypoxic regulation of blood flow, heat shock proteins in hypoxia, and future directions in hypoxia research. In 2003 we also had the privilege ofhonoring John W. Severinghaus as a friend, colleague, mentor and inspiration to many in the field. Tom Hornbein's personal tribute to John Severinghaus is the first chapter in this volume, followed by an entertaining update of the history of the discovery of oxygen written by John Severinghaus.

It is the year 659 of the written record, and an eighteen-year-old cadet is about to enter the final stage of adulthood. Dolan has spent his entire life within the perimeters of his small village, training for this moment. Ready to endure a challenge known as a shoadalu' that will ensure he is welcomed into his clan, Dolan knows his skills will determine whether he lives or dies. As he ventures into a world filled with danger, betrayal, magic, and mystical creatures, only time will tell if he can become the great warrior he has always wanted to be.

Just as the clansmen who have come before him, Dolan is on a quest for revenge for a vicious act carried out years earlier. Now it is up to Dolan and the other cadets to determine who betrayed their clan. Unfortunately, the naive young men know nothing about the outside world and must rise above their innocence in order to carry out their mission. Dolan and his team must rely on their magic, psychic abilities, and warrior skills in order to not only survive, but more importantly, reconstruct their beloved clan.

In this thrilling fantasy tale, a young warrior embarks on an adventure into an enchanting, wondrous, and often violent world that could potentially change his life forever.

The hypoxia volumes will focus on cutting edge research at the interface of hypoxia and biomedicine. Hypoxia is a constant threat to the human body and its vital organs throughout life. There are many situations in which the threat is heightened in health and disease, but mechanisms have evolved to lessen its detrimental effects. The International Hypoxia Symposia was founded to enable scientists, clinicians, physiologists, immunologists, mountaineers and other interested individuals to share their experiences of the situations associated with oxygen lack and the adaptations that allow us to survive. The mission of the International Hypoxia Symposia is to present cutting edge, sophisticated research at the very highest levels into the many effects of hypoxia on humans and animals in health and disease.

The 14th volume in the series will focus on cutting edge research at the interface of hypoxia and exercise. The work will cover the range from molecular mechanisms of muscle fatigue and muscle wasting to whole body exercise on the world 's highest mountains. State of the art papers on training at high altitude for low altitude athletic performance will also be featured.

In 1942 an advisory board to the Library of Congress drafted a proposal for a national program of cooperation among research libraries, aimed at acquiring "at least one copy of every book published anywhere in the world, which might conceivably be of interest to a research worker in America." Each participating library would acquire books in its assigned subject areas, catalog them, and send cards to the National Union Catalog. And thus was born the Farmington Plan, which began operation in 1948 under the sponsorship of the Association of Research Libraries. In 1972, nearly a decade after a two-year investigation revealed the project was failing, the plan was abandoned, but the concept of cooperative acquisitions of foreign library materials remains viable under several other programs today. A chance encounter with a long forgotten copy of The Farmington Plan Handbook led Ralph Wagner to investigate the most famous "failed experiment on library cooperation." The result of Wagner's decade of research is the first in-depth study of the plan's shortcomings and achievements. A History of The Farmington Plan is at once a history of the term itself and the numerous connotations attached to it. Includes copious references to archival sources previously unavailable. An informative read for students of library history and for anyone involved in consortium development. Useful as a basis for understanding the growing phenomenon of international cooperation among libraries.

A comprehensive catalog of exchange-traded funds and insights into successful trading techniques

This "Second Edition" of the bestselling "Trading ETFs" offers an updated version of the definitive guide to this vital part of the capital markets. It contains numerous new examples of the techniques that author Deron Wagner uses in selecting the most timely ETFs to trade and underscores the core insights of his trading discipline "trade what you see, not what you think."

Written for professionals who are using, or should be using, ETFs as an asset class within their portfolios, as well as the individual investor who wants exposure to wider sectors and geographical regions than those available elsewhere.This revised edition of the classic resource focuses on the pros, cons, and potential pitfalls of trading the latest class of ETFsIncludes inversely correlated and leveraged ETFs and the dangers, risks, and benefits associated with each new class of ETFContains a refresher on the initial concept of ETF selection and new case studies on ideal entry and exit points as well as examples of real trades

This thoroughly revised and updated edition offers a "go-to" reference for understanding exchange-traded funds.

This textbook addresses the chemical and physicochemical principles of supramolecular host-guest chemistry in solution. It covers the thermodynamics and dynamics of inclusion and highlights several types of organic hosts. Various applications of host-guest chemistry in analytical and environmental chemistry as well as pharmaceutical and chemical industry demonstrate the versatile usability of molecular cages.

The Multiple Inert Gas Elimination Technique (MIGET) is a complex methodology involving specialized gas chromatography and sophisticated mathematics developed in the early 1970's. Essentially, nobody possesses knowledge of all its elements except for its original developers, and while some practical and theoretical aspects have been published over the years, none have included the level of detail that would be necessary for a potential user to adopt and understand the technique easily. This book is unique in providing a highly detailed, comprehensive technical description of the theory and practice underlying the MIGET to help potential users set up the method and solve problems they may encounter. But it is much more than a reference manual - it is a substantial physiological and mathematical treatise in its own right. It also has a wide applicability - there is extensive discussion of the common biological problem of quantitative inference. The authors took measured whole-lung gas exchange variables, and used mathematical procedures to infer the distribution of ventilation and blood flow from this data. In so doing, they developed novel approaches to answer the question: What are the limits to what can be concluded when inferring the inner workings from the "black box" behavior of a system? The book details the approaches developed, which can be generalized to other similar distributed functions within tissues and organs. They involve engineering approaches such as linear and quadratic programming, and uniquely use mathematical tools with biological constraints to obtain as much information as possible about a "black box" system. Lastly, the book summarizes the hundreds of research papers published by a number of groups over the decades in a way never before attempted in order to marshal the world's literature on the topic and to provide in one place the wealth of important discoveries, both physiological a nd clinical, enabled by the technique.

The latest in a series of books from the International Hypoxia Symposia, this volume spans reviews on key topics in hypoxia, and abstracts from poster and oral presentations. The biannual International Hypoxia Symposia are dedicated to hosting the best basic scientific and clinical minds to focus on the integrative and translational biology of hypoxia. Long before 'translational medicine' was a catchphrase, the founders of the International Hypoxia Symposia brought together basic scientists, clinicians and physiologists to live, eat, ski, innovate and collaborate in the Canadian Rockies. This collection of reviews and abstracts is divided into six sections, each covering new and important work relevant to a broad range of researchers interested in how humans adjust to hypoxia, whether on the top of Mt. Everest or in the pulmonary or cardiology clinic at low altitude. The sections include: Epigenetic Variations in Hypoxia High Altitude Adaptation Hypoxia and Sleep Hypoxia and the Brain Molecular Oxygen Sensing Physiological Responses to Hypoxia

The International Hypoxia Symposium convenes biannually to bring together international experts from many fields to explore the state of the art in normal and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. Representatives from five continents and 32 countries joined together in February 2003 for four days in the dramatic mountains of Banff, Alberta. As editors of the Proceedings of the International Hypoxia Symposia, we strive to maintain a 26 six year tradition of presenting a stimulating blend of clinical and basic science papers focused on hypoxia. Topics covered in 2003 include hibernation and hypoxia, hypoxia and fetal development and new advances in high altitude pathophysiology, oxidative stress and membrane damage, hypoxic regulation of blood flow, heat shock proteins in hypoxia, and future directions in hypoxia research. In 2003 we also had the privilege ofhonoring John W. Severinghaus as a friend, colleague, mentor and inspiration to many in the field. Tom Hornbein's personal tribute to John Severinghaus is the first chapter in this volume, followed by an entertaining update of the history of the discovery of oxygen written by John Severinghaus.

Hypoxia is a constant threat throughout life. International experts from many different fields, including clinicians, clinical researchers, and basic scientists, have contributed to this volume, presenting state-of-the-art information regarding normal and abnormal (pathophysiological) responses to hypoxia. The topics covered include visitors to high altitude, the latest developments on high-altitude cerebral and pulmonary edema, the brain in hypoxia, high-altitude headache, and similarities between ischemic and hypoxic injury to the brain. In addition topics are covered such as blood-brain barrier in hypoxia, hypoxia interactions with vascular growth, and how humans adjust to extreme hypoxia.

Since its inception in 1973, The International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) has provided a unique forum to facilitate and encourage scientific interaction and debate. Welcoming scientists and clinicians from a broad spectrum of disciplines, each with their own particular skills and expertise, ISOTT unites them under the common theme of oxygen transport. The successful blend of scientific presentations and informal discussion which characterizes ISOTT is epitomized best by the many fundamental discoveries and technical advancements which it has spawned. The breadth and strengths of The Society's scientific base promotes the rapid progression of ideas from theoretical concepts to rigorous scientific testing and often, ultimately to the clinical arena. Each publication of the ISOTT proceedings has been recognized by Science Citation Index listing and the papers frequently establish scientific precedents and become considered as standard works in their respective fields. The 21st ISOTT Meeting was held in San Diego from August 14th through August 18th, 1993. The San Diego Meeting attracted about 150 registrants and 40 accompanying persons. Ten state-of-the-art lectures were presented by international experts in ~ transport and there were in addition two symposia -one dealing with assessment of tissue hypoxia and the other with functional heterogeneity in different organ systems. There were 100 free communications, consisting of posters accompanied by an abbreviated oral summary. All manuscripts were reviewed by the Editors for form and content, but as is customary for the ISOTT proceedings, rigorous scientific peer review was not undertaken.

The 14th volume in the series will focus on cutting edge research at the interface of hypoxia and exercise. The work will cover the range from molecular mechanisms of muscle fatigue and muscle wasting to whole body exercise on the world 's highest mountains. State of the art papers on training at high altitude for low altitude athletic performance will also be featured.

Just one of a series of volumes on differing aspects of hypoxia, this authoritative text focuses on cutting-edge research at the interface of hypoxia and biomedicine. Hypoxia or lack of oxygen is a constant threat to the human body and its vital organs, one that can take its toll in a number of situations. There are many situations in which the threat is heightened in health and disease, but mechanisms have evolved to lessen its detrimental effects. The International Hypoxia Symposia was founded to enable scientists, clinicians, physiologists, immunologists, mountaineers and other interested individuals to share their experiences of the situations associated with the lack of oxygen and the adaptations that allow us to survive.

Hypoxia remains a constant threat throughout life. It is for this reason that the International Hypoxia Society strives to maintain a near quarter century tradition of presenting a stimulating blend of clinical and basic science discussions. International experts from many fields have focused on the state-of-the-art discoveries in normal and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia.

Topics in this volume include gene-environment interactions, a theme developed in both a clinical context regarding exercise and hypoxia, as well as in native populations living in high altitudes. Furthermore, experts in the field have combined topics such as skeletal muscle angiogenesis and hypoxia, high altitude pulmonary edema, new insights into the biology of the erythropoietin receptor, and the latest advances in cardiorespiratory control in hypoxia. This volume explores the fields of anatomy, cardiology, biological transport, and biomedical engineering among many others.

'Talk does not cook rice'. That Asian aphorism, carried across centuries and continents, coyly offers wisdom, with a knowing smile, capped off with wink. 'Kick the World, Break Your Foot' offers hundreds of these timeless nuggets of advice, adorned with wit and brevity. They variously offer piercing admonishment, cautious, and encouragement, yet always with a nod to human nature's endearing quirks. Like this: Straightened too much / crooked as ever. The Buddha himself would hear the voice of his wise grandma saying, sonny, you make something worse by trying to fix it. The more prescient the advice, the harder it can be to accept. (Who wants to be told they've been doing something badly?) But the wisdom of these haiku-like aphorisms is passed along as gently and softly as the brushstrokes of a master Asian watercolorist. So, advice may never be more welcome than when you browse this collection of ageless gems.

Up to now, industrial robots have drastically rationalised many kinds of manufacturing processes in industrial fields. The user interface provided by the robot maker has been almost limited to so-called teaching pendant - a useful and safe tool to obtain the position and orientation at the tip of a robot along a desired trajectory. This book examines a position/force control system, first designed for industrial robots with an open architecture controller. In addition, this book provides an analysis of various tracking techniques (optical, electromagnetic, ultrasonic and laser-based) in different environments and surgical fields. An overview of registration algorithms is also given, with an analysis of theoretical registration error-distribution followed by practical design considerations for an accurate registration set-up. The authors of this book also summarise the registration methods used for commercial and research surgical robots. Other chapters assess the development of a system of haptic forceps with bilateral control, allowing tactile sensation to be precisely and immediately imparted to the surgeon's hands. The authors believe that the results of the study will provide useful data for surgery and will contribute to the future development of robotic forceps with tactile sensation.