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The 8th International Winter Conference on Neurodegeneration from
Febru- ary 9 to 13, 2000 took place in Tegernsee, Bavaria, Germany.
The interest shown in this symposium, which was carried by invited
speakers only, was striking. 28 lectures in 5 sessions dealt with
themes on basic science and therapy strategies for
neurodegenerative illness. This time especially basic mechanism of
cell death and resulting causal treatment possibilities were centre
themes of the lectures and lively discussions. In accordance with
tradi- tion 5 lectures on Multiple Sclerosis finished the
convention. 60 scientists from 13 countries discussed current
questions to these themes. The Symposium started with a lecture on
the history of the develop- ment of modern-L-DOPA-therapy. Lectures
on cell death of dopaminergic nerve cells, new valuation regarding
assembly, built up and function of neuromelanin of Substantia nigra
and with this, the question of the physio- logic and
pathobiochemical role of dopamine and neuromelanin built the first
block of themes which consequently extended to molecular and
genetic aspects of cell death. Highlights of the symposium were
neuroprotective and neuroregenerative future therapy strategies
together with discussions on the difficulties of clinical
neuroprotection. Developmental biological aspects on nerve cells,
reorganisation and neurodegeneration showed a stimulating point of
view of momentary and future development possibilities of new and
more causal forms of therapy of neurodegenerative illness.
Neurodegeneration is one of the most important subjects of the
investigation now and in the coming 21st century. Alzheimer's
disease is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly people and
Parkinson's disease is one of the major neurologic disorders with
the prevalence between 1 and 2/1 000 population in advanced
countries. Many others are suffering from intractable neurodegener
ative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's
disease, or spinocerebellar degeneration. No truly effective
treatment is available for any of these neurodegenerative disorders
except for Parkinson's disease; even in Parkinson's disease, still
it is impossible to slow down the disease process with the
currently available treatment. It is urgently needed to develop new
effective technique to halt or slow down the disease process in
each of those disorders. Recent advance in the molecular biological
and molecular genetic technique has brought us great progress in
the understanding of etiology and pathogenesis of these disorders,
but still it is not known how neurons are going to die in these
disorders. To explore the question, mutual cooperation and exchange
of ideas between basic scientists and clinical peoples are of
utmost importance."
Volume 5 of the series "Advances in Research on Neurodegeneration"
is concerned with themes which are currently the focus of intensive
research, and in which advances in our understanding of the
pathological mechanisms un derlying neurodegenerative diseases are
expected in the near future. The first section contains five
reviews devoted to the various neuroimaging technolo gies. The
discussion is concerned with the question of whether neuroimaging
techniques make it possible to follow the process of degeneration
as it occurs, and which methods offer the required sensitivity and
quantifiability for this purpose. However, the question needs to be
examined of whether, given the physical and chemical limitations of
these techniques, even under optimal conditions, anatomical
resolution can be improved to the extent that neuro degenerative
diseases can be diagnosed earlier than currently possible and a
confident diagnosis made. The possibilities of using neuroimaging
techniques to provide information regarding the effects of
neuroprotective or neuroregen erative therapeutic strategies, and
for correlating the results of neuropsycho logical research with
imaging data are also discussed. The second section is concerned
with the significance of endogenous or exogenous neurotoxins as
triggers for neurodegenerative processes that may lead to
Parkinsonism. Vulnerability factors, which include such factors as
nerve ending sensitivity, the synergistic effects of drugs and the
various mechanisms underlying different toxins are discussed."
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