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This book explores the evolution of the current U.S. research and
development enterprise, asks whether this organization remains
appropriate to the challenges we face today, and proposes
strategies for better preparing for the global technology race
shaping our future. Across the globe, nation states and societies,
as well as corporations, technology developers, and even
individuals, find themselves on the front lines of a global
technology race. As we approach the third decade of this century,
the outlines of the contest have become clear. Spending on research
and development, such new methods as innovation centers, and
inclusion of powerful technologies into governments and society are
occurring at a rapid pace. Technology winners and losers are
emerging. How did we arrive at this global technology fight? How
and where will it be waged? What can we do to prepare for the
future? In 10 chapters, Tech Wars addresses these questions and
more, examining the conditions that have led us to this point and
introducing new strategies, organizational changes, and resource
allocations that will help the United States respond to the
challenges that are on the horizon. Focuses on how technology
affects society and individuals, recognizing that a discussion of
technology must also include such topics as economics, trade,
military activities, and other human endeavors Demonstrates through
historical precedents and examination of potential alternative
futures that changes in the global research and development
ecosystem are needed Highlights the importance of technology to the
economic and national security of the United States Explains how
and why our science and technology, research and development, and
innovation capabilities should be adapted
As the world moves further into the Information Age and the ensuing
increased levels of globalization, the ability to harness all of
the elements of national power in an integrated, coordinated, and
synchronized manner will be even more critical for the United
States to successfully defend itself. Gerstein argues that the
United States as a nation is largely unprepared to reap the full
benefits of the Information Age and unable to address an increasing
threat level because its methods, procedures, and ways of thinking
remain anchored to the Industrial Age that is rapidly being left
behind. To understand and adapt to this emerging environment, the
United States must re-examine the development and the
implementation of national security strategy. Gerstein examines the
history of U.S. national security strategy, and he analyzes the
results and conclusions of several capstone documents, including
the National Security Strategy of the United States (2002), the
Homeland Security Strategy of the United States (2002), the
Commission of National Security/21st Century, and the 9/11
Commission Report. After evaluating the execution of U.S. national
security strategy, Gerstein maintains that U.S. efforts today are
more heavily weighted to the use of "hard power"--political,
military, and intelligence resources--for achieving strategic goals
and objectives. A strategy that incorporates more fully the
elements of national power, including "soft power" such as
economic, social, cultural, and informational capabilities will
better serve the interests of the nation. In addition, Gerstein
proposes a new way of looking at strategy. Typically, strategy has
been defined as the linking of ways and means toachieve ends while
mitigating risk. In the future, we must factor environment into any
discussion.
This book accessibly and expertly details the history and
implications of the BWC-the Biological and Toxin Weapons
Convention-a controversial arms control agreement drafted in the
1970's meant to supplement the Geneva protocol for warfare from
decades earlier. That treaty banned the use of biological weapons
in modern warfare, but failed to ban their development, transport
or trafficking, holes the BWC aimed to fill, but are still
contested to this day. Daniel M. Gerstein, a Deputy Under Secretary
in the Department of Homeland Security and Adjunct Professor at
American University, traces the origins of the treaty and its many
complications, past and present, while prescribing a way for the
world's leaders to move forward with regards to (what Gerstein sees
will be and already is) "the most important arms control treaty of
the 21st Century." This will only become more pronounced as
exponential advances in biotechnology continue to occur. The
strength and enforcement of the treaty are at a crossroads, and it
is important for both professionals and students of the
political-military and international affairs to know exactly what a
failure to honor, improve and uphold the BWC would mean for
international security.
A leading technology expert examines ways to manage the rapid
proliferation of technology and come to grips with its pervasive
influence. Technology--always a key driver of historical change--is
transforming society as never before and at a far more rapid pace.
This book takes the reader on a journey into what the author
identifies as the central organizing construct for the future of
civilization, the continued proliferation of technology. And he
challenges us to consider how to think about technology to ensure
that we humans, and not the products of our invention, remain in
control of our destinies? In this informative and insightful
examination, Dr. Daniel M. Gerstein--who brings vast operational,
research, and academic experience to the subject--proposes a method
for gaining a better understanding of how technology is likely to
evolve in the future. He identifies the attributes that a future
successful technology will seek to emulate and the pitfalls that a
technology developer should try to avoid. The aim is to bring
greater clarity to the impact of technology on individuals and
society. In particular, he considers three technologies now
converging that will shape the future: biotechnology, artificial
intelligence, and the "internet of things." He asks: Will we
continue to develop new technologies in these fields merely because
basic research shows that we can, or should we first consider the
likely effects of these technologies on the quality of life at the
individual, societal, and global levels? Dr. Gerstein makes a
compelling case that rational and informed evolution of our
technological options is the best course for ensuring a brighter
future.
In the early 1990s, the world has seen unprecedented changes in the
global security environment that have drastically altered the
balance of power, and the manner in which nations of the world
interact. The evolving international security environment has
significant implications for the use of United States military
forces in support of national strategic objectives. In the last two
years, the world has seen the fall of the Berlin wall, the
dissolution of the Warsaw Pact, the death of Communism, the
reunification of Germany and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Simply stated, the paradigm has broken. The comfortable, albeit
dangerous, post-World War II world that we lived with has become
more uncertain and unstable, and potentially more dangerous. This
study investigates the national security strategy of the United
States by identifying threats to our interests, our military forces
and their employment and current defense budget trends. Using this
as a baseline, projections are made concerning the future security
requirements in the Post-Cold War world. Post-Cold War national
interests are discussed, future threats and the military forces
necessary to confront these threats are presented, and necessary
budget adjustments are developed.
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