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Addressing all aspects of brain death and thoroughly detailing how
a potential organ donor should be maintained to ensure maximum use
of the organs and cells, The Brain-Dead Organ Donor:
Pathophysiology and Management is a landmark addition to the
literature. This first-of-its-kind, multidisciplinary volume will
be of interest to a large section of the medical community. The
first section of the book reviews the historical, medical, legal,
and ethical aspects of brain death. That is followed by two
chapters on the pathophysiology of brain death as investigated in
small and large animal models. This includes a review of the many
hormonal changes, including the neuroendocrine- adrenergic 'storm',
that takes place during and following the induction of brain death,
and how they impact metabolism. The next section of the book
reviews various effects of brain death, namely its impact on
thyroid function, the inflammatory response that develops, and
those relating to innate immunity. The chapters relating to
assessment and management of potential organ donors will be of
interest to a very large group of transplant surgeons and
physicians as well as critical care and neurocritical care
physicians and nurses. Neurologists, endocrinologists,
neurosurgeons, and pathologists will also be interested, especially
in the more basic science sections on various aspects of
brain-death and hormonal therapy. Organ procurement organizations
and transplant coordinators worldwide will also be interested in
this title. Other chapters will be of interest to medical
historians, medico-legal experts, and ethicists.
This is a time ofexcitement and progress in the field
ofxenotransplantation. The work described in this book traces the
development of the science of cross-spe cies transplantation,
summarizes the current state ofour knowledge, and focuses on
approaches directed toward future clinical application. The
important question is not whether xenotransplantation will succeed,
but rather how and under what circumstances xenografts will provide
predictable enough results to warrant clinical application. The
fact that the best results to date in clinical xenografting were
achieved over three decades ago should not be a matter of
discouragement, but rather a stimulus to apply new approaches to
this area of work. The shortage of human organs for transplantation
is cited frequently as the driving force behind the increased
interest in xenotransplantation. This shortage is an undeniable
fact, but there are additional potential advantages of xenotrans
plantation, such as the ability to schedule replacement surgery on
an elective basis and the modification of animals, organs, and
tissues to improve acceptabil ity in the human host. The advances
in the basic science ofxenotransplantation outlined in this book
give hope that the immunologic barriers to xenotransplantation will
be overcome and that transplanted organs and tissues will succeed
consistently in humans. However, if our experience with human
allografts provides an analogy, we may anticipate that clinical
progress in xenografts will be plagued by failures and rewarded by
successes, often without a complete understanding of the mechan
isms involved."
Addressing all aspects of brain death and thoroughly detailing how
a potential organ donor should be maintained to ensure maximum use
of the organs and cells, The Brain-Dead Organ Donor:
Pathophysiology and Management is a landmark addition to the
literature. This first-of-its-kind, multidisciplinary volume will
be of interest to a large section of the medical community. The
first section of the book reviews the historical, medical, legal,
and ethical aspects of brain death. That is followed by two
chapters on the pathophysiology of brain death as investigated in
small and large animal models. This includes a review of the many
hormonal changes, including the neuroendocrine- adrenergic 'storm',
that takes place during and following the induction of brain death,
and how they impact metabolism. The next section of the book
reviews various effects of brain death, namely its impact on
thyroid function, the inflammatory response that develops, and
those relating to innate immunity. The chapters relating to
assessment and management of potential organ donors will be of
interest to a very large group of transplant surgeons and
physicians as well as critical care and neurocritical care
physicians and nurses. Neurologists, endocrinologists,
neurosurgeons, and pathologists will also be interested, especially
in the more basic science sections on various aspects of
brain-death and hormonal therapy. Organ procurement organizations
and transplant coordinators worldwide will also be interested in
this title. Other chapters will be of interest to medical
historians, medico-legal experts, and ethicists.
This title provides an illuminating examination of the current
state of xenotransplantation - grafting or transplanting organs or
tissues between members of different species - and how it might
move forward into the clinic. To be sure, this is a critical topic,
as a major problem that remains worldwide is an inadequate supply
of organs from deceased human donors, severely limiting the number
of organ transplants that can be performed each year. Based on
presentations given at a major conference on xenotransplantation,
this title includes important views from many leading experts who
were invited to present their data and opinions on how
xenotransplantation can advance into the clinic. Attention was
concentrated on pig kidney and heart transplantation as it is in
regard to these organs that most progress has been made.
Collectively, these chapters effectively highlight the many
advantages of xenotransplantation to patients with end-stage organ
failure, thereby encouraging the mapping of a concrete pathway to
clinical xenotransplantation. The book is organized across 22
chapters, beginning with background information on clinical and
experimental xenotransplantation. Following this are discussions
addressing how pigs can be genetically engineered for their organs
to be resistant to the human immune response through deletion of
pig xenoantigens, and the insertion of 'protective' human
transgenes. Subsequent chapters analyze complications that arise in
practice, comparing allotransplant and xenotransplant rejection.
The selection of the ideal patients for the first clinical trials
is discussed. Finally, the book concludes with an analysis on the
regulatory, economic, and social aspects of this research,
including FDA perspectives and the sensitive, psychosocial factors
regarding allotransplantation and xenotransplantation. A major and
timely addition to the literature, Clinical Xenotransplantation
will be of great interest to all researchers, physicians, and
academics from other disciplines with an interest in
xenotransplantation.
The medical profession is rich in those who have made names for
themselves outside of medicine. The fields of literature,
exploration, business, sport, entertainment, and beyond abound with
doctors whose interests lie outside medicine. This book, largely
written by members of the medical profession, examines the efforts
of doctors in non-medical fields. The doctors discussed here are
those who are, or were, well-known to the public for their
contributions to their non-medical fields of choice. In many cases,
the public may have been unaware that a subject was medically
qualified. This book provides wide-ranging and comprehensive
biographical sketches of forty-two doctors who are best known to
the public for their contributions to fields outside of medicine.
The medical profession is rich in those who have made names for
themselves outside of medicine. The fields of literature,
exploration, business, sport, entertainment, and beyond abound with
doctors whose interests lie outside medicine. This book, largely
written by members of the medical profession, examines the efforts
of doctors in non-medical fields. The doctors discussed here are
those who are, or were, well-known to the public for their
contributions to their non-medical fields of choice. In many cases,
the public may have been unaware that a subject was medically
qualified. This book provides wide-ranging and comprehensive
biographical sketches of forty-two doctors who are best known to
the public for their contributions to fields outside of medicine.
The majority of patients in need of organ transplants do not survive long enough for a suitable human organ to become available. Xenotransplantation, the transplant of animal organs into humans, has attracted substantial media attention. If, as appears likely, it proves possible to "humanize" animal organs and evade the problems of rejection, in the coming few years there will be a tremendous increase in this procedure, mostly using organs from animals specifically for their harvestable organs. This book will lay out the potential and promise of the technique, the history of organ transplantation, the technical problems and breakthroughs in overcoming immune rejection, and typing and humanizing donor organs for transplantation. The ethical question of growing animals specifically for organ harvest, and the substantial public health concern from the certainty that animal viruses will pass into humans with the donated organs, will be fully discussed. The authors are among the leaders in the field of Xenotransplantation.
Handbook of Animal Models in Transplantation Research is a new
surgical handbook that provides detailed information concerning the
transplantation of a variety of tissues in experimental animals.
The text provides a practical guide for experienced investigators
to develop new surgical transplantation models for application in a
laboratory setting. Each chapter gives consistent descriptions of
the anatomical considerations, the surgical model, and potential
applications of the procedure. The organ systems covered include
the heart and/or lung, liver, small bowel, kidneys, and bone
marrow. The species selected for representation of each
experimental model is based upon the usefulness and frequency of
the model for studies in transplantation research. This book is
important for all experimental surgeons, transplantation
biologists, and students of surgical research.
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