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The commercialization of research is one of the most significant
contemporary features of US higher education, yet we know
surprisingly little about how scientists perceive and experience
commercial rewards. A Fractured Profession is the first book to
systematically examine the implications of commercialization for
both universities and faculty members from the perspective of
academic scientists. Drawing on richly detailed interviews with
sixty-one scientists at four universities across the United States,
sociologist David R. Johnson explores how an ideology of
commercialism produces intraprofessional conflict in academia. The
words of scientists themselves reveal competing constructions of
status, conflicting norms, and divergent career paths and
professional identities. Commercialist scientists embrace a
professional ideology that emphasizes the creation of technologies
that control societal uncertainties and advancing knowledge toward
particular-and financial-ends. Traditionalist scientists, on the
other hand, often find themselves embattled and threatened by
university and federal emphasis on commercialization. They are less
concerned about issues such as conflicts of interest and corruption
than they are about unequal rewards, unequal conditions of work,
and conflicts of commitment to university roles and basic science.
Arguing that the division between commercialists and
traditionalists represents a new form of inequality in the academic
profession, this book offers an incisive look into the changing
conditions of work in an era of academic capitalism. Focusing on
how the profit motive is reshaping higher education and redefining
what faculty are supposed to do, this book will appeal to
scientists and academics, higher education scholars, university
administrators and policy makers, and students considering a career
in science.
In the Loop: A Political and Economic History of San Antonio, is
the culmination of urban historian David Johnson's extensive
research into the development of Texas's oldest city. Beginning
with San Antonio's formation more than three hundred years ago,
Johnson lays out the factors that drove the largely uneven and
unplanned distribution of resources and amenities and analyzes the
demographics that transformed the city from a frontier settlement
into a diverse and complex modern metropolis. Following the shift
from military interests to more diverse industries and punctuated
by evocative descriptions and historical quotations, this urban
biography reveals how city mayors balanced constituents' push for
amenities with the pull of business interests such as tourism and
the military. Deep dives into city archives fuel the story and
round out portraits of Sam Maverick, Henry B. Gonzales, Lila
Cockrell, and other political figures. Johnson reveals the
interplay of business interests, economic attractiveness, and
political goals that spurred San Antonio's historic tenacity and
continuing growth and highlights individual agendas that influenced
its development. He focuses on the crucial link between urban
development and booster coalitions, outlining how politicians and
business owners everywhere work side by side, although not
necessarily together, to shape the future of any metropolitan area,
including geographical disparities. Three photo galleries
illustrate boosterism's impact on San Antonio's public and private
space and highlight its tangible results. In the Loop recounts each
stage of San Antonio's economic development with logic and care,
building a rich story to contextualize our understanding of the
current state of the city and our notions of how an American city
can form.
This South London neighbourhood has a strong community spirit, and
there is great interest in the district's history. This collection
of photographs bring its past to life. Over 200 black and white
images are featured famous landmarks, like the Crystal Palace, as
well as images of everyday life: schools, shops, transport, people
and street scenes.
A significant number of Americans view atheists as immoral
elitists, aloof and unconcerned with the common good, and they view
science and scientists as responsible. Thanks in large part to the
prominence and influence of New Atheists such as Richard Dawkins,
Sam Harris, Daniel Dennett, and Christopher Hitchens, New Atheism
has claimed the pulpit of secularity in Western society. New
Atheists have given voice to marginalized nonreligious individuals
and underscored the importance of science in society. They have
also advanced a derisive view of religion and forcefully argued
that science and religion are intrinsically in conflict. Many in
the public around the globe think that all scientists are atheists
and that all atheist scientists are New Atheists, militantly
against religion and religious people. But what do everyday atheist
scientists actually think about religion? Drawing on a survey of
1,293 atheist scientists in the U.S. and U.K., and 81 in-depth
interviews, this book explains the pathways that led to atheism
among scientists, the diverse views of religion they hold, their
perspectives on the limits to what science can explain, and their
views of meaning and morality. The findings reveal a vast gulf
between the rhetoric of New Atheism in the public sphere and the
reality of atheism in science. The story of the varieties of
atheism in science is consequential for both scientific and
religious communities and points to tools for dialogue between
these seemingly disparate groups.
Most observers agree that marriage in America has been changing.
Some think it is in decline, that the growth of individualism has
made it increasingly difficult to achieve satisfying and stable
relationships. Others believe that changes, such as increasing
gender equality, have made marriage a better arrangement for men as
well as women.
Based on two studies of marital quality in America twenty years
apart, this book takes a middle view, showing that while the
divorce rate has leveled off, spouses are spending less time
together--people may be "bowling alone" these days, but married
couples are also eating alone. Indeed, the declining social capital
of married couples--including the fact that couples have fewer
shared friends--combined with the general erosion of community ties
in American society has had pervasive, negative effects on marital
quality.
At the same time, family income has increased, decision-making
equality between husbands and wives is greater, marital conflict
and violence have declined, and the norm of lifelong marriage
enjoys greater support than ever.
The authors conclude that marriage is an adaptable institution,
and in accommodating the vast changes that have occurred in society
over the recent past, it has become a less cohesive, yet less
confining arrangement.
This report highlights RAND s contributions to the Louisiana
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority s Master Plan. Its
purpose is to help policymakers in other coastal regions understand
the value of a solid technical foundation to support
decision-making on strategies to reduce flood risk, rebuild or
restore coastal environments, and increase the resilience of
developed coastal regions."
Conrad Richter: A Writer's Life is the story of an aspiring
writer who failed and then, desperate for money, tried again and
wrote himself out of penny-a-word pulp magazines and into a
Pulitzer Prize and a National Book Award. Based upon unrestricted
access to all of Richter's letters, journals, notebooks, and
private papers, this biography offers an intimate account of
Richter's personal struggle to achieve success in his own and in
other people's terms.
Johnson's biography will engage anyone interested in the art of
biography and in a novelist's act of writing. Admirers of Richter's
novels will also find much of interest in his life. So, too, will
those who find value in the story of a man who, despite his sense
of himself as an imperfect vessel for God's plan for human
evolution, lived his life with as much grace, determination, and
courage as he could.
This book is part of the Archive Photographs series, which uses old
photographs and archived images to show the history of various
local areas in Great Britain, through their streets, shops, pubs,
and people.
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