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Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally - Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Funda??o Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, S?o Paulo (Paperback)
National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally; Edited by …
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R1,118
Discovery Miles 11 180
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This report summarizes a joint workshop convened by the Institute
of Medicine and National Research Council with Fundacao Maria
Cecilia Souto Vidigal in November 2014 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The
workshop presentations and discussions highlighted efforts made to
scale program investments across health, education, nutrition, and
social protection that aim to improve children's developmental
potential. Speakers explored four topics around scaling up program
investments: impact, scalability, sustainability, and governance.
Participants shared their experiences scaling up programs and
implementing early childhood services into a comprehensive national
policy. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally
synthesizes up-to-date evidence on effective programs and
interventions in Latin America and other regions, including an
account of their strengths and challenges. This report highlights
the presentations and discussions of the event. Table of Contents
Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 No Small Matter: The Importance of
Investing in Young Children Globally 3 Grand Challenges for
Investing in Young Children Globally 4 Evidence of Impact at Scale
5 Maintaining Quality at Scale 6 Perspectives on Governance 7
Components of Scaling and Sustainability 8 A Way Forward Appendix
A: Acronyms Appendix B: Workshop Agenda Appendix C: Biographical
Sketches of Workshop Speakers
Violence against women and children is a serious public health
concern, with costs at multiple levels of society. Although
violence is a threat to everyone, women and children are
particularly susceptible to victimization because they often have
fewer rights or lack appropriate means of protection. In some
societies certain types of violence are deemed socially or legally
acceptable, thereby contributing further to the risk to women and
children. In the past decade research has documented the growing
magnitude of such violence, but gaps in the data still remain.
Victims of violence of any type fear stigmatization or societal
condemnation and thus often hesitate to report crimes. The issue is
compounded by the fact that for women and children the perpetrators
are often people they know and because some countries lack laws or
regulations protecting victims. Some of the data that have been
collected suggest that rates of violence against women range from
15 to 71 percent in some countries and that rates of violence
against children top 80 percent. These data demonstrate that
violence poses a high burden on global health and that violence
against women and children is common and universal. Preventing
Violence Against Women and Children focuses on these elements of
the cycle as they relate to interrupting this transmission of
violence. Intervention strategies include preventing violence
before it starts as well as preventing recurrence, preventing
adverse effects (such as trauma or the consequences of trauma), and
preventing the spread of violence to the next generation or social
level. Successful strategies consider the context of the violence,
such as family, school, community, national, or regional settings,
in order to determine the best programs. Table of Contents Front
Matter 1 Introduction Part I: Workshop Overview 2 The Co-Occurrence
of Child Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence 3 Paradigm
Shifts and Changing Social Norms in Violence Prevention 4 The State
of Prevention Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries 5
Violence Prevention Among Multiple Sectors Part II: Papers and
Commentary from Workshop Speakers 6 Papers on Research in
Preventing Violence Against Women and Children 7 Papers on Global
Partnerships and Government Initiatives 8 Papers on Preventive
Interventions Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Speaker
Biographical Sketches Appendix C: Planning Committee Biographical
Sketches Appendix D: Forum Member Biographical Sketches
In September 2014, the Global Forum on Innovation in Health
Professional Education and the Forum on Public-Private Partnerships
for Global Health and Safety of the Institute of Medicine convened
a workshop on empowering women and strengthening health systems and
services through investing in nursing and midwifery enterprise.
Experts in women's empowerment, development, health systems'
capacity building, social enterprise and finance, and nursing and
midwifery explored the intersections between and among these
domains. Innovative and promising models for more sustainable
health care delivery that embed women's empowerment in their
missions were examined. Participants also discussed uptake and
scale; adaptation, translation, and replication; financing; and
collaboration and partnership. Empowering Women and Strengthening
Health Systems and Services Through Investing in Nursing and
Midwifery Enterprise summarizes the presentations and discussion of
the workshop. This report highlights examples and explores broad
frameworks for existing and potential intersections of different
sectors that could lead to better health and well-being of women
around the world, and how lessons learned from these examples might
be applied in the United States. Table of Contents Front Matter 1
Introduction PART I 2 Women's Empowerment 3 Strengthening Health
Systems PART II 4 Nursing and Midwifery Education and Enterprise 5
Country Perspectives 6 Innovations and Organizational Strategies to
Strengthen Health Systems 7 Social Enterprise and Investment in
Health PART III 8 Transferability of Models and Lessons Learned 9
Models for the United States and the Larger Global Context Appendix
A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Speaker Biographical Sketches
Appendix C: List of Participants Appendix D: Innovations in the
Provision of Health Services Using Empowered Nurses and Midwives in
the Philippines--Oscar F. Picazo, Valerie Gilbert T. Ulep, Ida
Pantig, Danica Ortiz, Melanie Aldeon, and Nina Ashley de la Cruz
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Financing Investments in Young Children Globally - Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, National Research Council, and The Centre for Early Childhood Education and Development, Ambedkar University, Delhi (Paperback)
National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally; Edited by …
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R1,183
Discovery Miles 11 830
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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In January 2014, the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the
Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, in
collaboration with the IOM Board on Global Health, launched the
Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally. At this meeting, the
participants agreed to focus on creating and sustaining, over 3
years, an evidence-driven community of stakeholders that aims to
explore existing, new, and innovative science and research from
around the world and translate this evidence into sound and
strategic investments in policies and practices that will make a
difference in the lives of children and their caregivers. Financing
Investments in Young Children Globally is the summary of a workshop
hosted by the Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally in
August 2014. This workshop, on financing investments for young
children, brought together stakeholders from such disciplines as
social protection, nutrition, education, health, finance,
economics, and law and included practitioners, advocates,
researchers, and policy makers. Presentations and discussions
identified some of the current issues in financing investments
across health, education, nutrition, and social protection that aim
to improve children's developmental potential. This report explores
issues across three broad domains of financing: (1) costs of
programs for young children; (2) sources of funding, including
public and private investments; and (3) allocation of these
investments, including cash transfers, microcredit programs, block
grants, and government restructuring. Table of Contents Front
Matter 1 Introduction 2 The Case for Financing Investments in Young
Children 3 Financing for Outcomes and Equity 4 Lessons on Financing
Investments from India 5 Building Equitable Costing Models 6 Cash
Transfers and Affordability 7 Models of Financing Structures 8
Linking Financing and Outcomes in Early Childhood Development
References Appendix A: Abbreviations and Acronyms Appendix B:
Workshop Agenda Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Workshop
Speakers Appendix D: Poster Session Abstracts
In the last 25 years, a major shift has occurred in the field of
violence prevention, from the assumption that violence is
inevitable to the realization that violence is preventable. As we
learn more about what works to reduce violence, the challenge
facing those who work in the field is how to use all of this new
information to rapidly deploy or enhance new programs. At the same
time, new communications technologies and distribution channels
have altered traditional means of communications, and have made
community-based efforts to prevent violence possible by making
information readily available. How can these new technologies be
successfully applied to the field of violence prevention? On
December 8-9, 2011, the IOM's Forum on Global Violence Prevention
held a workshop to explore the intersection of violence prevention
and information and communications technology. The workshop -
called "mPreventViolence" - provided an opportunity for
practitioners to engage in new and innovative thinking concerning
these two fields with the goal of bridging gaps in language,
processes, and mechanisms. The workshop focused on exploring the
potential applications of technology to violence prevention,
drawing on experience in development, health, and the social sector
as well as from industry and the private sector. Communication and
Technology for Violence Prevention: Workshop Summary is the report
that fully explains this workshop.
The past 25 years have seen a major paradigm shift in the field of
violence prevention, from the assumption that violence is
inevitable to the recognition that violence is preventable. Part of
this shift has occurred in thinking about why violence occurs, and
where intervention points might lie. In exploring the occurrence of
violence, researchers have recognized the tendency for violent acts
to cluster, to spread from place to place, and to mutate from one
type to another. Furthermore, violent acts are often preceded or
followed by other violent acts. In the field of public health, such
a process has also been seen in the infectious disease model, in
which an agent or vector initiates a specific biological pathway
leading to symptoms of disease and infectivity. The agent transmits
from individual to individual, and levels of the disease in the
population above the baseline constitute an epidemic. Although
violence does not have a readily observable biological agent as an
initiator, it can follow similar epidemiological pathways. On April
30-May 1, 2012, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Forum on Global
Violence Prevention convened a workshop to explore the contagious
nature of violence. Part of the Forum's mandate is to engage in
multisectoral, multidirectional dialogue that explores
crosscutting, evidence-based approaches to violence prevention, and
the Forum has convened four workshops to this point exploring
various elements of violence prevention. The workshops are designed
to examine such approaches from multiple perspectives and at
multiple levels of society. In particular, the workshop on the
contagion of violence focused on exploring the epidemiology of the
contagion, describing possible processes and mechanisms by which
violence is transmitted, examining how contextual factors mitigate
or exacerbate the issue. Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary
covers the major topics that arose during the 2-day workshop. It is
organized by important elements of the infectious disease model so
as to present the contagion of violence in a larger context and in
a more compelling and comprehensive way. Table of Contents Front
Matter 1 Introduction Part I: Workshop Summary 2 Patterns of
Transmission of Violence 3 Processes and Mechanisms of the
Contagion of Violence 4 The Role of Contextual Factors in the
Contagion of Violence 5 Contagion and Interruption in Practice Part
II: Papers and Commentary from Speakers Appendix A: Workshop Agenda
Appendix B: Glossary Appendix C: Speaker Biographical Sketches
After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and subsequent
anthrax mailings, the U.S. government prioritized a biosurveillance
strategy aimed at detecting, monitoring, and characterizing
national security health threats in human and animal populations,
food, water, agriculture, and the environment. However, gaps and
challenges in biosurveillance efforts and integration of
biosurveillance activities remain. September 8-9, 2011, the IOM
held a workshop to explore the information-sharing and
collaboration processes needed for the nation's integrated
biosurveillance strategy. Table of Contents Front Matter 1
Introduction and Overview 2 Experiences of Federal Agencies 3 State
and Local Experiences 4 Outside Perspectives 5 Discussion of a
Scenario 6 Concept of Operations References Appendix A: Workshop
Agenda Appendix B: Speaker Biographies Appendix C: Planning
Committee Biographies Appendix D: Standing Committee on Health
Threats Resilience
Measuring the social and economic costs of violence can be
difficult, and most estimates only consider direct economic
effects, such as productivity loss or the use of health care
services. Communities and societies feel the effects of violence
through loss of social cohesion, financial divestment, and the
increased burden on the healthcare and justice systems. Initial
estimates show that early violence prevention intervention has
economic benefits. The IOM Forum on Global Violence Prevention held
a workshop to examine the successes and challenges of calculating
direct and indirect costs of violence, as well as the potential
cost-effectiveness of intervention.
Smallpox was a devastating disease that decimated human populations
for centuries, and its eradication in 1980 was a monumental
achievement for the global health community. Since then the
remaining known strains of its causative agent, variola virus, have
been contained in two World Health Organization (WHO)-approved
repositories. In 1999, the World Health Assembly (WHA) debated the
issue of destroying these remaining strains. Arguments were
presented on the need to retain the live virus for use in
additional important research, and the decision to destroy the
virus was deferred until this research could be completed. In that
same year, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convened a consensus
committee to explore scientific needs for the live virus. In the
ten years since the first IOM report, the scientific, political,
and regulatory environments have changed. In this new climate, the
IOM was once again tasked to consider scientific needs for live
variola virus. The committee evaluated the scientific need for live
variola virus in four areas: development of therapeutics,
development of vaccines, genomic analysis, and discovery research.
Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Overview of
Smallpox and Its Surveillance and Control 3 Comparative Poxvirology
4 Animal Models Using Variola and Other Orthopoxviruses 5 Genomic
Analysis 6 Development of Therapeutics 7 Development of Vaccines 8
Methods for Detection and Diagnosis 9 Discovery Research 10
Conclusions and Recommendations Appendix: Variola Strains Used to
Validate Diagnostic and Detection Assays
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