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This book focuses on the effects of genotoxic agents causing
oxidative stress in plants. The book explores different kind of
chemicals which induces genotoxicity, their mechanism of action and
effects on plant health. Impacts at the physiological and molecular
levels are discussed. The book is of interest to teachers,
researchers and plant scientists. Also the book serves as
additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students
of agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental
sciences. National and international agricultural scientists will
also find this to be a useful read.
With the rapid increase in the global population and changing
climatic impacts on agriculture, this book demonstrates how genome
editing will be an indispensable technique to overcome ongoing and
prospective agricultural challenges. This book examines the role of
genome editing for improving crop yields and contributing to global
food security. It summarises a range of genome editing techniques
and discusses the roles they can play in producing a new generation
of high-yielding, climate ready crops. This includes Site-Specific
Nucleases, precision genome engineering, Clustered Regularly
Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and bioinformatics.
It showcases how these gene editing techniques can tailor plants to
not only increase yield related traits, but to also make them
better suited to their environment and to be resistant to pests and
extreme climatic events, such as droughts. The book also examines
genome editing regulations and policies, the commercialisation of
genome edited crops and biosafety and biosecurity concerns.
Overall, this book reveals and showcases how genome editing can
improve crop resilience and production to address current and
future agricultural challenges and for the alleviation of global
food security concerns. This book will be of great interest to
students and scholars of agricultural science, crop and plant
science, genome editing, sustainable agriculture, biotechnology and
food security.
This book focuses on the effects of genotoxic agents causing
oxidative stress in plants. The book explores different kind of
chemicals which induces genotoxicity, their mechanism of action and
effects on plant health. Impacts at the physiological and molecular
levels are discussed. The book is of interest to teachers,
researchers and plant scientists. Also the book serves as
additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students
of agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental
sciences. National and international agricultural scientists will
also find this to be a useful read.
Water is a valuable product, which should be used carefully.
Increased global consumption of water has become a growing concern
from a few decades, which has increased the demand of water
recycling and reuse of waste-water by treating it with appropriate
methods and technologies to meet the needs and aspirations of
future generation. The reuse and recycling of laundry waste-water
was carried out at lab scale. In this study, two random laundries
were selected. A survey of PU and LCWU hostel laundries was made to
characterize the laundry waste-water. A low cost sand and gravel
filter was designed to reuse the laundry waste-water for the first
rinse. Treated water was considered as low-grade water, which was
found suitable for the first rinse of clothes in both laundries. By
the uses of this low-grade water, 0.7m3 and 0.8m3 of fresh water
from PU and LCWU laundries could be save daily.
The removal of heavy metals from the wastewater is a matter of
concern for many countries but is a key issue in developing
countries like Pakistan. These heavy metals are of serious health
and environmental concern and there is a need to discover new and
effective methods for their removal from industrial effluents.
Removal of Copper (Cu) and Nickel (Ni) from industrial wastewater
was studied using metal oxide nanoparticles such as magnesium oxide
(MgO) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The metal oxide nanoparticles provide
high adsorption capacity, simple operation and rapid adsorption.
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are now believed to be superior
in treating industrial effluent, especially effluent of textile
industry because of their several advantages over other treatment
techniques, including conventional and biological treatment
methods. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the
efficiency of AOPs, including Hydrogen Per Oxide alone, Fenton,
Photo-Fenton, Solar Radiation assisted Photo-Fenton and Ozonation
for the color and COD removal of textile effluent. AOPs are proven
to be the efficient method for the treatment of textile effluent.
The performance of Fenton process was slightly better. Ozonation
was proved to be highly feasible and promising technique to
decolorize and reduce COD from textile effluent but it is very
costly. Photo-Fenton process via UV lamp considerably removed the
color and COD but it is not economically viable. Photo-Fenton
(sunlight) proved to be the most cost effective and efficient
procedure for the color and COD removal among all AOP's, whereas
Fenton process to be the second best option. So Solar assisted
Photo-Fenton proved as the most energy and cost effective process
among all AOPs.
The present study is the evaluation of total economic benefits
generated by the solid waste management activities. To assess the
financial viability/ sustainability and evaluation of social
acceptability and likely economic benefits to the locals in terms
of their improved status of life by the implementation of the
Integrated Waste Management System. The study concludes that the
proposed management system does not involve any long term
irreversible negative impacts. Most of the negative impacts
identified in the study are temporary and manageable through
adopting the Social Management Plan, by providing monitoring
arrangements and resources during design, construction and
operation stages of the project.
World is facing a rising epidemic of global environmental problems.
Modern communication has brought us into a closer contact with
every part of the world; we are compelled to recognize that all the
Earth inhabitants share a common environment and its related
problems. With the onset of industrial revolution in 1700s,
increasing use of fossil fuels has resulted in enormous emissions
of Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere on burning. The increasing
domestic and industrial energy demands coupled with an increase in
the technological abilities has strengthened our potential for
altering the environment we live. This present study aims to
calculate carbon footprint of energy consumption in Nestle' milk
collection centers in Pakistan. IPCC Guidelines for National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories 2006 aids in the various calculation
that are undertaken in carbon footprint estimation. It is estimated
that a total of 5337.076 tons of Carbon Dioxide emissions results
from energy consumption by the milk collection centers all over the
Pakistan. The aim for all is Carbon neutrality, which though is
quite hard to achieve but is not impossible.
Edited by Hanan Issa, Durre Shahwar and OEzgur Uyanik. "I felt the
city in my muscles, my saliva. I wanted to be changed. I wanted to
be in love." A young woman weaves her experience of abuse into the
folklore of her ancestors. A student addresses his OCD by writing
letters. A Paralympic medallist reflects upon his journey into a
challenging new lifestyle. From language politics to
neurodivergence, cultural heritage to sexual identity, from
immigration to race, these are insights shared with great care,
sincerity, and often humour. Featuring an unbound range of writers;
united by their connection to Wales, but reaching freely across
continents. This collection is an open invitation. It is a bringing
together of previously untold perspectives: creative essays with no
hard lines or prescriptive margins. No normative spotlights, only
an open space to speak, and be heard. These are stories told on
their own terms.
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