In the 1990s, "protection," "import substitution," and "intervention" have become dirty words, part of the "leyenda negra" of Latin America development in the post-war period. This book attempts a fresh look at the controversial years between the end of the Second World War and the point when, at varying dates in different countries, a discontinuity occurs in which the post-war "style of development" ceased to play a central role in the economic evolution of the region. The analysis is based on seven case studies covering 11countries.

In the 1990s, 'protection', 'import substitution' and 'intervention' have become dirty words, part of the 'leyenda negra' of Latin America development in the postwar period. This book attempts a fresh look at the controversial years between the end of the Second World War and the point when, at varying dates in different countries, a discontinuity occurs in which the postwar 'style of development' ceased to play a central role in the economic evolution of the region. The analysis is based on seven case studies covering eleven countries.

The first volume in this series explores the impact on Latin America of the extraordinary transformation in the international economy that took place in the half century or so which preceded the world depression of the 1930s. The internationally respected authors show how the response varied in terms of both growth and distribution, shaped by varying preconditions, by natural resources and geography. The interplay of economic developments with political and social structures had profound and varied effects on policy making and on institutions, of great significance for the next decade.

Central Americans are the third largest and fastest growing Latino population in the United States. And yet, despite their demographic presence, there has been little scholarship focused on this group. Constituting Central American-Americans is an exploration of the historical and disciplinary conditions that have structured U.S. Central American identity and of the ways in which this identity challenges how we frame current discussions of Latina/o, American ethnic, and diasporic identities. By focusing on the formation of Central American identity in the U.S., Maritza E. Cardenas challenges us to think about Central America and its diaspora in relation to other U.S. ethno-racial identities.

The book presents original work on how nanomaterials are applied to concrete through electromutagenic processes, which modify the microstructure of concrete materials in situ without changing their dimensions or appearance. In essence, it shows how high-performance concrete can be mixed without expensive additives. The book offers a method for dispersing nanoparticles in concrete and explains how their presence reduces porosity, increases strength and prevents cracking - information that can be used for more efficient repair and rehabilitation. Nanomaterials are shown to improve barrier-formation, anti-corrosiveness, and other functions of concrete. Extensive practical guidelines are given on formulation, set-up, mixing, and testing. This book: explains how to modify concrete after hardening, and repair with minimal destruction. It provides engineering details on how nanoparticles relate to porosity, cracking, and corrosion. It includes scientific background and information on set-up, mixing, and testing.