Polyoxometalates (POMs) form a large, distinctive class of molecular inorganic compounds of unrivaled electronic versatility and structural variation, with impacts ranging from chemistry, catalysis, and materials science to biology, and medicine. This book covers the basic principles governing the structure, bonding and reactivity of these metal-oxygen cluster anions and the major developments in their molecular science.

The book comprises three sections. The first covers areas ranging from topological principles via synthesis and stability to reactivity in solution. It also focuses on the physical methods currently used to extract information on the molecular and electronic structures as well as the physical properties of these clusters. The second part reviews different types of POMs, focusing on those systems that currently impact other areas of interest, such as supramolecular chemistry, nanochemistry and molecular magnetism. The third section is devoted to POM-based materials and their applications and prospects in catalysis and materials science.

Molecular Magnetism: From Molecular Assemblies to the Devices reviews the state of the art in the area. It is organized in two parts, the first of which introduces the basic concepts, theories and physical techniques required for the investigation of the magnetic molecular materials, comparing them with those used in the study of classical magnetic materials. Here the reader will find: (i) a detailed discussion of the electronic processes involved in the magnetic interaction mechanisms of molecular systems, including electron delocalization and spin polarization effects; (ii) a presentation of the available theoretical models based on spin and Hubbard Hamiltonians; and (iii) a description of the specific physical investigative techniques used to characterize the materials. The second part presents the different classes of existing magnetic molecular materials, focusing on the possible synthetic strategies developed to date to assemble the molecular building blocks ranging from purely organic to inorganic materials, as well as on their physical properties and potential applications. These materials comprise inorganic and organic ferro- and ferrimagnets, high nuclearity organic molecules and magnetic and metallic clusters, spin crossover systems, charge transfer salts (including fulleride salts and organic conductors and superconductors), and organized soft media (magnetic liquid crystals and Langmuir-Blodgett films).

In recent years, the supply chain has become a key element to the survival and prosperity of organisations in different industry sectors. Organisations dealing in dynamic business environments demand supply chains that support the satisfaction of customer needs. The principles of lean thinking that once permeated standalone organisations have now been transferred to the supply chain, making imperative the development of innovative approaches to supply chain management. Customer-driven Supply Chains: Strategies for Lean and Agile Supply Chain Design reviews the concept of lean thinking and its relationship to other key initiatives associated with supply chain management. Detailed industrial case studies based on the authors' experience illustrate the principles behind lean supply chains. Moreover, a series of diagrams are used to illustrate critical concepts and supply chain architectures. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of transferring lean principles from the organisational level to the supply chain level. The theory and principles behind lean supply chains are reviewed. Other concepts related to lean supply chains discussed in the book include: mass customisation, agility, information sharing and the bullwhip effect. A methodology used to measure the performance of supply chains is introduced; this methodology comprises the tools of decision timeline, data-flow diagramming, supply chain value stream mapping and a performance measurement scorecard. Readers will gain a clear picture of the competitive implications of lean supply chains. Customer-driven Supply Chains: Strategies for Lean and Agile Supply Chain Design will be a valuable resource of material to students studying supply chain/operations management as well as researchers in this field. Industry practitioners will learn how to develop sound supply chain strategies that can have a positive impact in their organisation.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) form a large, distinctive class of molecular inorganic compounds of unrivaled electronic versatility and structural variation, with impacts ranging from chemistry, catalysis, and materials science to biology, and medicine. This book covers the basic principles governing the structure, bonding and reactivity of these metal-oxygen cluster anions and the major developments in their molecular science.

The book comprises three sections. The first covers areas ranging from topological principles via synthesis and stability to reactivity in solution. It also focuses on the physical methods currently used to extract information on the molecular and electronic structures as well as the physical properties of these clusters. The second part reviews different types of POMs, focusing on those systems that currently impact other areas of interest, such as supramolecular chemistry, nanochemistry and molecular magnetism. The third section is devoted to POM-based materials and their applications and prospects in catalysis and materials science.

In recent years, the supply chain has become a key element to the survival and prosperity of organisations in different industry sectors. Organisations dealing in dynamic business environments demand supply chains that support the satisfaction of customer needs. The principles of lean thinking that once permeated standalone organisations have now been transferred to the supply chain, making imperative the development of innovative approaches to supply chain management. Customer-driven Supply Chains: Strategies for Lean and Agile Supply Chain Design reviews the concept of lean thinking and its relationship to other key initiatives associated with supply chain management. Detailed industrial case studies based on the authors' experience illustrate the principles behind lean supply chains. Moreover, a series of diagrams are used to illustrate critical concepts and supply chain architectures. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of transferring lean principles from the organisational level to the supply chain level. The theory and principles behind lean supply chains are reviewed. Other concepts related to lean supply chains discussed in the book include: mass customisation, agility, information sharing and the bullwhip effect. A methodology used to measure the performance of supply chains is introduced; this methodology comprises the tools of decision timeline, data-flow diagramming, supply chain value stream mapping and a performance measurement scorecard. Readers will gain a clear picture of the competitive implications of lean supply chains. Customer-driven Supply Chains: Strategies for Lean and Agile Supply Chain Design will be a valuable resource of material to students studying supply chain/operations management as well as researchers in this field. Industry practitioners will learn how to develop sound supply chain strategies that can have a positive impact in their organisation.

Molecular Magnetism: From Molecular Assemblies to the Devices reviews the state of the art in the area. It is organized in two parts, the first of which introduces the basic concepts, theories and physical techniques required for the investigation of the magnetic molecular materials, comparing them with those used in the study of classical magnetic materials. Here the reader will find: (i) a detailed discussion of the electronic processes involved in the magnetic interaction mechanisms of molecular systems, including electron delocalization and spin polarization effects; (ii) a presentation of the available theoretical models based on spin and Hubbard Hamiltonians; and (iii) a description of the specific physical investigative techniques used to characterize the materials. The second part presents the different classes of existing magnetic molecular materials, focusing on the possible synthetic strategies developed to date to assemble the molecular building blocks ranging from purely organic to inorganic materials, as well as on their physical properties and potential applications. These materials comprise inorganic and organic ferro- and ferrimagnets, high nuclearity organic molecules and magnetic and metallic clusters, spin crossover systems, charge transfer salts (including fulleride salts and organic conductors and superconductors), and organized soft media (magnetic liquid crystals and Langmuir-Blodgett films).