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The 27th Europhysics Conference on Macromolecular Physics focused
on applications of scattering methods to the dynamics of polymer
dense systems and covered Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering and photon
correlation spectroscopy, quasi-elastic neutron scattering,
holographic methods, real time X-ray and neutron scattering
techniques as well as the treatment of theoretical models and
computer simulations of polymer dynamics.
7) Kryszewski, M. and A. Szymanski, Macromol. Rev. 4D, 183 (1970).
The density and the energetic situation of local- 8) Bassler, H.,
Kunststoffe 62, 115 (1972). i; ed levels at the polymer surface and
bulk and their 9) Rose, A., Helv. Phys. Acta 29, 199 (1956).
occupancy probability of excess electrons or defect- 10) Many, A.,
Y. Goldstein and N. B. Grover electrons determine the electrostatic
charging of Semiconductor Surfaces, 139 (Amsterdam 1971): polymer
solids associated with the contact of met- 11) Many, A., N. B.
Grover, Y. Goldstein and E. als. Accumulation layers of
excesselectrons and de- Harnik, ]. Phys. Chern. Solids 14, ]D 5,
298 (1960). pletion layers of defectelectrons can exist near the
12) Many, A., Y. Goldstein and N. B. Grover polymer surface
depending on the electrical potential Semiconductor Surfaces, 185
(Amsterdam 1971): of the contacting metal. These layers are caused
by 13) Ryvktn, S. M., Photoelectric Effects in Semi- the difference
between the physical states of the poly- conductors, 252 (New York
1964). mer surface and bulk. The energetic situation of the 14)
Cholvdry, A. and C. R. Westgate, ]. Phys. D: localized levels is
determined by intermolecular inter- Appl. Phys. 7, 713 (1974).
actions and therefore it depends on the state of 15) Many, A., Y.
Goldstein and N. B. Grover, order of the surface and the bulk.
Semiconductor Surfaces, 136 (Amsterdam 1971).
that in all statistical calculations we only have derived most
probable i.e. average quantities In this paper the meander model of
muscle is proposed (e.g. geometries, forces) a.nd did not care
about and treated quantitatively. The geometries of myosin and
uninterrupted actin filaments as weIl as of the Z their
fluctuations which in principle could also zone in vertebrate
striated muscle are derived from be evaluated. thermodynamic
equilibrium considerations. Cross- The proposed meander model of
muscle is bridges formed by the myosin projections and the actin
suitable to explain active as weIl as passive meander folds are
considered either to be loose or closed. Mg A TP action enables
them to rearrange forces and removes, therefore, the difficulties.
cyclically. The closed bridges give rise to a thermodynamic
inherent in Huxleys sliding filament model. . contractive force on
the actin filament. Also passive and We cannot exclude, however,
that there is a active stress-strain behaviour (under isometrie
condi- small contribution to the passive elastic be- tions) agree
with experiment. haviour from elements (e.g. membranes) in
Zusammenfassung parallel to the sliding filament system.
70 DegreesC unterhalb des Einfrierbereichs wegen x 0 is applied to
experimental data of the specific volume of water, werden aufgrund
von speziellen Modellvor- sulfur, mercury and polystyrene, ex is
the expansion stellungen von Gibbs und Dimarzio ent- coefficient at
constant pressure, u the isothermal wickelt, wobei die Autoren fUr
T
Raum ist demnach beim System PST-Cyclo hexan um einen Faktor 1,44
gro13er als beim The self-diffusion coefficient of Benzene and
Cyclo hexane in Polystyrene (PST) was investigated over a System
PST-Benzol. Diesel' aus dem Verhalt wide temperature and
conccntration range. The nis del' Steigungen ermittelte Wert stimmt
measurements were carried out by the spin-echo recht gut mit dem
aus dem Verhaltnis del' method applying the technique of time
dependant and Van der-Waalsschen V olumina errechneten alternating
field gradients. The data provided by the mentioned investigations
Wert iiberein. were calculated according to the theory of free
volume. The minimum free volume. which is needed for a site 3.5.
Zur Phenylgruppenbeweglichkeit im. PST changing process, was
determined on thc basis of these experimental results. The
significant maximum Das Freie Volumen, das bis herab zu 70 C of the
temperature dependence of thc free volume. linear mit sinkender
Temperatur abnimmt, observed at 50 QC. revealed to be due to
displacements steigt bei weiterer Temperaturerniedrigung of
Phenyl-groups in PST. wieder an und zeigt im System PST-Benzol bei
55 C und im System PST -Cyclohexan Literatur bei 50 C ein
ausgepragtes Maximum. Unter halb 40 C falIt das Freie Volumen 1(0,
T) 1) Fnjita, H., Adv. Polymer Sci. 3, 1 (l J(il). 2) Fujita, H ..
A. Kishimoto. and K. Matsumoto, wieder proportional zur Temperatur.
Die Trans. Faraday Soc. 56, 424 (1960)."
(Sonderausgabe aus Kolloid-Zeitschrift & Zeitschrift fur
Polymere, Band 241)
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