This monograph is not only the first comprehensive grammar of Papapana (a previously undocumented and under-described endangered language) but the first full reference grammar of any Oceanic language of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, despite this region displaying considerable linguistic innovation and language contact phenomena with numerous typologically significant features. This book describes Papapana on various levels, including phonology, morphology and syntax in noun phrases and the verb complex, and syntax at the clause- and sentence-level. Throughout the grammar, the described phenomena are related to the current research on typological and Oceanic linguistics. Typologically unusual features of Papapana include multiple reduplication, inverse-number marking in the noun phrase and postverbal subject-indexing. The book also describes the sociolinguistic and historical context within which Papapana is spoken and highlights linguistic changes resulting from language contact. The monograph fills an important gap in terms of grammatical descriptions of Bougainville Oceanic languages, and makes a significant contribution to the field of Oceanic linguistics, and to future comparative linguistic and typological research.

This issue of Nursing Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Mary Ellen Smith Glasgow, PhD, RN, ACNS-BC, will focus on New Developments in Nursing Education: A Focus on Contemporary Content, Pedagogies, Deans, Trends, with article topics including: Game-based E-Learning; Incorporating Evidence-Based Care of Individuals with Developmental/Cognitive Disabilities into the Curriculum; Doctor of Nursing Practice Graduate as Faculty Members; Clinical Nursing Education Evaluation and Re-Design; Transdisciplinary Simulation; New Dean of Nursing: Lessons Learned; Promoting a Healthy Workplace for Nursing Faculty; Nursing Education Trends; Learning from Business; Focusing Curricula on Primary Care, Health Promotion, and Public Health in Light of Health Care Reform; Genetics in the Nursing Curriculum; and A National Study of Doctoral Nursing Faculty.

These essays reexamine European forts in West Africa as hubs where different peoples interacted, negotiated and transformed each other socially, politically, culturally, and economically. This collection brings together scholars of history, archaeology, cultural studies, and others to present a nuanced image of fortifications, showing that over time the functions and impacts of the buildings changed as the motives, missions, allegiances, and power dynamics in the region also changed. Focusing on the fortifications of Ghana, the authors discuss how these structures may be interpreted as connecting Ghanaian and West African histories to a multitude of global histories. They also enable greater understanding of the fortifications' contemporary use as heritage sites, where the Afro-European experience is narrated through guided tours and museums.

*Practical and contemporary work on the evidence-based Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) model for addictions. *Loved ones can have an outsized impact on a person's decision to get treatment; CRAFT shows therapists how to work effectively with family and friends. *User-friendly features include checklists, boxes, downloadable forms, and illustrative clinical dialogues. *An ideal graduate text or clinical reference for therapists and counselors, regardless of expertise in addictions.

This monograph is not only the first comprehensive grammar of Papapana (a previously undocumented and under-described endangered language) but the first full reference grammar of any Oceanic language of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, despite this region displaying considerable linguistic innovation and language contact phenomena with numerous typologically significant features. This book describes Papapana on various levels, including phonology, morphology and syntax in noun phrases and the verb complex, and syntax at the clause- and sentence-level. Throughout the grammar, the described phenomena are related to the current research on typological and Oceanic linguistics. Typologically unusual features of Papapana include multiple reduplication, inverse-number marking in the noun phrase and postverbal subject-indexing. The book also describes the sociolinguistic and historical context within which Papapana is spoken and highlights linguistic changes resulting from language contact. The monograph fills an important gap in terms of grammatical descriptions of Bougainville Oceanic languages, and makes a significant contribution to the field of Oceanic linguistics, and to future comparative linguistic and typological research.

Understand the legal framework that provides the structure of Nursing!This is the only current text to critically examine the vast array of legal and ethical matters confronting nursing faculty in classroom and clinical settings. Designed to assist students preparing to be nurse educators, academic nursing administrators, and novice and seasoned faculty in making real-life decisions about academic issues within a legal and ethical framework. Replete with practical advice from experts in the fields of nursing, law, and ethics, this text guides the reader through legal and ethical principles, analyses of relevant case-based scenarios, and practical recommendations for handling problems in accordance with existing laws and institutional policy. Clearly and concisely written and organized, this text provides a comprehensive description of the legal process, including higher education law, the courts, case law, the role of a university attorney, and how to read and cite judicial decisions. Real-world case scenarios and detailed analyses of pertinent issues, including coverage of incivility, discrimination, harassment, academic dishonesty, and freedom of speech, are examined from the perspective of students, faculty, and administrators. Key Features: An entire section of legal and ethical cases, featuring a unique philosophical and ethical perspective Delivers best practices for nursing faculty Provides tips on when to consult the university attorney, critical elements to consider, actions to take when law and ethics conflict, helpful resources, and a glossary of legal terms An Instructor's Manual and discussion questions facilitate teaching.

Employment and production in the Appalachian coal industry have plummeted over recent decades. But the lethal black lung disease, once thought to be near-eliminated, affects miners at rates never before recorded. Digging Our Own Graves sets this epidemic in the context of the brutal assault, begun in the 1980s and continued since, on the United Mine Workers of America and the collective power of rank-and-file coal miners in the heart of the Appalachian coalfields. This destruction of militancy and working class power reveals the unacknowledged social and political roots of a health crisis that is still barely acknowledged by the state and coal industry. Barbara Ellen Smith's essential study, now with an updated introduction and conclusion, charts the struggles of miners and their families from the birth of the Black Lung Movement in 1968 to the present-day importance of demands for environmental justice through proposals like the Green New Deal. Through extensive interviews with participants and her own experiences as an activist, the author provides a vivid portrait of communities struggling for survival against the corporate extraction of labor, mineral wealth, and the very breath of those it sends to dig their own graves.

Employment and production in the Appalachian coal industry have plummeted over recent decades. But the lethal black lung disease, once thought to be near-eliminated, affects miners at rates never before recorded. Digging Our Own Graves sets this epidemic in the context of the brutal assault, begun in the 1980s and continued since, on the United Mine Workers of America and the collective power of rank-and-file coal miners in the heart of the Appalachian coalfields. This destruction of militancy and working class power reveals the unacknowledged social and political roots of a health crisis that is still barely acknowledged by the state and coal industry. Barbara Ellen Smith 's essential study, now with an updated introduction and conclusion, charts the struggles of miners and their families from the birth of the Black Lung Movement in 1968 to the present-day importance of demands for environmental justice through proposals like the Green New Deal. Through extensive interviews with participants and her own experiences as an activist, the author provides a vivid portrait of communities struggling for survival against the corporate extraction of labor, mineral wealth, and the very breath of those it sends to dig their own graves.

In an increasingly globalized world, place matters more than ever. This concept especially holds true in Appalachian studies -- a field that brings scholars, activists, artists, and citizens together around the region to contest misappropriations of resources and power and to combat stereotypes of isolation and intolerance. In Appalachia in Regional Context: Place Matters, Dwight B. Billings and Ann E. Kingsolver assemble scholars and artists from a variety of disciplines to broaden the conversation and challenge the binary opposition between regionalism and globalism. In addition to theoretical explorations of place, some of the case studies examine foodways, depictions of gendered and racialized Appalachian identity in popular culture, the experiences of rural LGBTQ youth, and the pitfalls and promises of teaching regional studies. Drawing on ideas from cultural anthropology, sociology, and a variety of other fields, and interleaved with poems by bell hooks, this volume furthers the examination of new perspectives on one of America's most compelling and misunderstood regions.

This book is to encourage those out there who have Dreams We want you to know that no matter what your believing God for if you put your trust in Him He will bring to pass the plans for your future. Because He is the one who puts the Dreams in our hearts, everything good comes from God This book is about the tests and trials that we have endured for the past 9 years while standing in Faith and trusting God for our Christian Trail riding Business and Western Town Ministry The road has not been easy and the hills have been hard to climb it seemed as if we were always standing in the valley but we knew God would bring us to the top of the mountain any day, God is Faithful and will be with you every step of the way, because He always does what He says He will do He will open doors that would normally be shut, bring people across your path to encourage you along the way, He will give you His favor at every turn. So if you are wanting to open up your own business, start a ministry, buy a house or have a child know this; that no matter what you have in your heart to do, you can accomplish your Dreams with the help from the Lord He will make crooked places straight and bring you those divine connections and appointments to thrust you into your God given Dream So as you read through the pages of this book put yourself in them and compare where you are at the beginning and then compare yourself again at the end, I am sure it will strengthen your Faith and help you to take on any obstacle that is standing in your way We pray that you will have a wonderful journey through our book and we pray that it will help you to accomplish your God given Dreams If you acknowledge God in what He wants to do through you and in your life, it's in these testing times that He will make you stronger and strengthen your faith when you trust in Him through it all, when you receive the Victory he receives the Glory

The human resources crisis in the health sector has been gathering attention on the global stage. To date, however, most of this attention has focused on shortages of health human resources (HRH) at the national level. At least as important are problems at the sub-national level. Massive geographic and skill mix imbalances are reflected in the perilous undersupply of HRH in most rural areas. Virtually all Sub-Saharan African countries suffer from significant geographic imbalances. Very little substantive information or documentation exists on the problem. Even less is known about the lessons from policies aimed at addressing urban-rural human resource imbalances, let alone experiences of Sub-Saharan Africa countries, with such policies. There also appears to be a disconnect between the objectives and efforts of policymakers on the one hand and the functioning of national health labor markets and labor market behavior on the other hand. This disconnect hinders policy effectiveness and the efficient utilization of resources intended to narrow urban-rural inequities. In Sub-Saharan Africa government policies, often limited to the management of public sector vacancies, appear to be elaborated, prescribed, and implemented independently of labor market considerations. Partly as a result, they are unable to effectively address urban-rural imbalances, which are an outcome of labor market dynamics. This report discusses and analyzes labor market dynamics and outcomes (including unemployment, worker shortages, and urban-rural imbalances of categories of health workers) from a labor economics perspective. It then use insights from this perspective as a basis for elaborating policy options that incorporate the underlying labor market forces. The goal of the study is to address undesirable outcomes (including urban-rural HRH imbalances) more effectively. The book is thus suitable for researchers, policy analysts and policy makers with an interest in understanding and improving the allocation of human resources for health in the developing world.

This book is the first complete guide to implementing the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA), an empirically based, highly effective cognitive-behavioral program for treating alcohol problems. An ideal program for any practitioner trying to reconcile the needs of their clients with mandates of HMOs and insurance providers, this approach has been deemed one of the most cost-effective treatments available by recent research. CRA acknowledges the powerful role of environmental contingencies in encouraging or discouraging drinking, and attempts to rearrange these contingencies so that a non-drinking lifestyle is more rewarding than a drinking one. Unique in its breadth, the approach utilizes social, recreational, familial, and vocational strategies to aid clients in the recovery process. This authoritative manual is a hands-on guide to applying these therapeutic procedures. Opening with an account of the history of CRA and the empirical support for its efficacy, the book addresses the clinical concerns of those treating substance abusing clients. Specific instructions are provided for conducting detailed assessments of the client and interviewing concerned others. Sobriety sampling and disulfiram use within CRA are discussed in chapters of their own. The authors then present a step-by-step guide to each component of the treatment plan, many of which have been shown to be effective forms of treatment in themselves. Topics include * behavioral skills training * social and recreational counseling * marital therapy * motivational enhancement * job counseling * relapse prevention Each chapter provides detailed instructions for conducting a procedure, describes what difficulties to expect, and presents strategies for overcoming them. Sample dialogues between clients and therapists, annotated by the authors, further illuminate the treatment process. The book concludes with a chapter that both addresses the common mistakes made when implementing CRA, and emphasizes the flexibility and benefits of this total treatment plan. An accessible and practical program, CRA can be implemented by all clinicians who treat alcohol abusing clients, regardless of orientation. Providing a cost-effective approach that is highly efficacious, Clinical Guide to Alcohol Treatment is an invaluable resource for the wide range of practitioners working in today's managed-care environment, including psychologists, psychiatrists, substance abuse counselors, and social workers.

*Practical and contemporary work on the evidence-based Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) model for addictions. *Loved ones can have an outsized impact on a person's decision to get treatment; CRAFT shows therapists how to work effectively with family and friends. *User-friendly features include checklists, boxes, downloadable forms, and illustrative clinical dialogues. *An ideal graduate text or clinical reference for therapists and counselors, regardless of expertise in addictions.