Partial-least-squares path modeling (PLS-PM), a composite-based form of structural equation modeling (SEM), offers great practical advantages to researchers and practitioners. It has been gaining increasing attention in various disciplines, including management information systems, marketing, strategic management, accounting, family business research, operations management, and organizational research. Yet advanced PLS-SEM techniques are not broadly used in hospitality and tourism research, which spells missed opportunities in terms of detailed analyses and actionable findings. Applying Partial Least Squares in Tourism and Hospitality Research provides a forum for leading names in the field to discuss the major topical issues and to demonstrate the usefulness of PLS path modeling for academics and practitioners in hospitality and tourism. Its ten chapters discuss key aspects of advanced PLS analysis and its practical applications, covering new guidelines and improvements in the use of PLS-PM as well as individual topics such as multi-group analysis (PLS-MGA), the predictive qualities of PLS models, minimum sample size estimation methods, the reporting of mediation and moderation analysis, the assessment of the reliability of reflectively measured constructs, and the assessment of overall model fit through consistent PLS and the bootstrap-based test. This comprehensive coverage serves both as an introduction to PLS for the uninitiated and as a go-to reference work for researchers and practitioners interested in the most recent advances in PLS methodology. Applying Partial Least Squares in Tourism and Hospitality Research is a must-read for academics in hospitality and tourism research and for hospitality and tourism practitioners such as industry consultants. Insofar as it can serve as a guidebook to recent advances within PLS-SEM, it is also of interest to researchers from other disciplines including management, business, and marketing.

Planning Research in Hospitality and Tourism provides an accessible, concise and practical guide to planning, conducting and analysing research in tourism and hospitality. The authors skilfully introduce the basic principles and techniques of research in the international hospitality and tourism sectors, and provide detailed guidance on both quantitative and qualitative methods of research. It includes a variety of features throughout to aid students' understanding and offers practical tips to help students overcome any potential research issues. Building on the success of the first edition, the volume has been fully revised and updated, and contains new chapters on mixed methods and how to make best use of recent technology in research practices. The second edition also benefits from: * increased coverage of research design strategies including sampling, ethnography and experimental design * inclusion of computer-mediated data collection techniques, such as online interviews, online focus groups and online observation (netnographic research) * new and updated international case studies and extracts, with a more even spread of tourism and hospitality examples of research * online student and lecturer resources, including PowerPoint slides and a test bank of multiple choice and true/false questions for each chapter. Written by three leading scholars with experience of both the industry and university courses globally, this insightful text is an essential resource for all tourism and hospitality research students and early career research professionals around the world.

The Internet has developed into a new distribution channel and online transactions are rapidly increasing. This has created a need to understand how the consumer perceives online purchases. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting student consumer's buying decision when purchasing clothing online, and find out which factors impact on the online buying decision most. The research hypotheses are tested by using data collected from 200 students of Glyndwr University in UK. The identified factors economic orientation, convenience orientation, trust orientation and social influence have been examined. Among all of them, the first three were positively correlated with online attitude, whereas the result shown that social influence weakly associated with online attitude. The findings of this research can be drawn as implications for online clothing retailers so as to improve their understanding of the segment consumer group and increase their online marketing strategy effectiveness.

Organizations today are becoming customer oriented due to increased competition. The goal of services providers is to develop services which attract and keep customers who are satisfied, loyal and speak well of the organization. The nature of services makes the evaluation of service quality subject of many researches. But evaluating service quality of airlines was not much studied. The aim of this research is to find out the dimensions of service quality for airlines and using them to evaluate the service quality of Pakistan International Airlines (PIA). Further the research finds the relationship between the service quality provided by PIA and their customer satisfaction. The data collected through a questionnaire was analyzed via factor analysis, regression analysis, correlation analysis and hypotheses test. The results of the survey suggest that there is a direct relationship between all the service quality dimensions (Reliability, Comfort, Personal attention, Physical features) and the service quality. A strong and significant relationship was also found between the service quality and customer satisfaction.