Contents:
1. Frédérique Sachwald Emerging Multinational: the Main Issues
2. Françoise Nicolas A Case of Government-led Integration into the World Economy
3. Serge Perrin Korean Direct Investment in North America and Europe: Patterns and Determinants
4. Luis Miotti and Frédérique Sachwald Korean Multinationals' Strategies and International Learning
5. Serge Perrin The Internationalization of Korean Electronics Firms: Domestic Rivalry and Tariff-Jumping
6. Marc Lautier The International Development of the Korean Automobile Industry
7. Kong-Rae Lee Technological Catching-up through Overseas Direct Investment: Samsung's Camera Business
8. Alice Amsden, René Belderbos, John Cantwell, Byungki Ha, Pierre Jacquet, Randall Jones, Bruce Kogut and Lynn Mytelka Discussion
9. Frédérique Sachwald Globalization and Korea's Development Trajectory: the Roles of Domestic and Foreign Multinationals

In this study, the contributors examine the evolution of Japanese direct investment in Europe and explore its determinants. They illustrate how, as multinationals, Japanese firms adapt to local conditions and try to take advantage of a global organisation. In this respect, three areas in particular are explored: human resource management, relationships with suppliers and R&D unit locations.

At the beginning of the 1990s, Korean firms embarked on an impressive wave of direct investment abroad. This dramatic multinationalization was considered as yet another sign of Korea's remarkable economic performance, especially as a high proportion of the foreign ventures were located in advanced countries. But this unbalanced quest for globalization actually tested the 'Korean model' to its limits; after the 1997 crisis a new policy prepared the way for a surge of inward investment. Using empirical tests and case-studies, this collection shows that Korean groups have invested in developed countries to jump over trade barriers, but also to source advanced technology and marketing capabilities. Moreover, their ambitious strategies have been stimulated by oligopolistic rivalry among the chaebols. From a policy perspective, the book provides an original discussion of national ownership by questioning the substitutability between inward and outward foreign investment and its relationship with the evolution of the national innovation system. By shedding light on the pattern of Korea's internationalization, these essays make a valuable contribution to the theory of international production and provide important insights for the current policy debates on globalization and innovation-led growth.

This work examines the evolution of Japanese direct investment in Europe and explores its determinants. It then illustrates how, as multinationals, Japanese firms adapt to local conditions and try to take advantage of a global organization. In this respect, three areas are more particularly explored: human resource management, relationships with suppliers, and research and development unit locations. The impact of Japanese locations on their host countries is also studied. While Japanese industrial units may represent a challenge to European competitors they may also accelerate useful technological awareness. The macroeconomic impact, on employment in particular, is negligible but regional or sectoral impacts can be sizeable.