Describes the adaptation of an R&D portfolio management decision framework developed by RAND to support R&D decisionmaking by the Office of Naval Research. 450-character abstract: Describes the adaptation of an R&D portfolio management decision framework developed by the RAND Corporation to support R&D decisionmaking by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), and the demonstration of its use by means of a case study evaluation of 20 sample ONR applied-research projects. It allows identification of R&D projects with high-value capabilities but formidable technical or fielcling problems yet to be solved-projects for which management attention may have the greatest leverage.