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Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst. (Ling Zhi)
(Aphyllophorales) (the family Polyporaceae) was first indexed in
the Shen Nong's Materia Medica (206 BC-8 AD) as a
longevity-promoting and tonic herb of the non-toxic superior class,
and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for more
than 2000 years to prevent and/or treat various human diseases such
as hepatitis, chronic bronchitis, gastritis, tumor growth and
immunological disorders. According to 'Fuzheng Guben', one of the
major TCM therapeutic principles, Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) is capable
of strengthening body resistance and improving constitutive
homeostasis in patients (Lin, 2001). The name Ganoderma is derived
from the Greek ganos/ "brightness, sheen," hence "shining" and
derma/ "skin," while the specific epithet lucidum in Latin for
"shining" and tsugae refers to being of the Hemlock (Tsuga).
Another Japanese name is mannentake, meaning "10 000 year mushroom"
(Liddell et al., 1980). The genus Ganoderma was named by Karsten in
1881. Members of the family Ganodermataceae were traditionally
considered difficult to classify because of the lack of reliable
morphological characteristics.
Biological control of root born plant pathogen is successfully
achieved by using arbuscular mycorrhiza seperately and in
combination with beneficial antagonistic fungi. Mycorrhizal plants
showed a significantly better response when exposed to pathogens as
compared to those which did not had a prior inoculum of arbuscular
mycorrhiza. Plants when inoculated with beneficial antagonistic
fungi like Trichoderma along with arbuscular mycorrhiza, the
response was further enhanced. Significant results have been
obtained by altering soil and other conditions while manipulating
the use of AM and other beneficial antagonistic fungi. The results
have shown that the soil mix, which could retain lesser moisture,
provides conducive conditions for mycorrhizal fungi and therefore
better control of plant diseases. In another segment of the present
study pretreatment of seeds/fungal cultures with IAA, NAA and Humic
Acid was employed as a possible strategy for bioprotection.
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