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Explains how and why economic and social regulation at national/EU levels is rapidly replacing older forms of state intervention and also, to some extent, the redistributive policies of the welfare state. Includes case-studies.
This volume explains why economic and social regulation is rapidly
becoming the new frontier of public policy and public
administration in Europe, both at the national and EU levels.
Statutory regulation, implemented by indpendent regulatory bodies,
is replacing not only older forms of state intervention but also,
to some extent, the redistributive policies of the welfare state.
Thus the study is an examination of the emergence of the regulatory
state as the successor of the Keynesian welfare state of the past.
Contributions emphasize the parallelism of policy developments at
the national and European levels. Part one provides the necessary
theoretical background, including a new model of demand and supply
of Community regulation. The second part presents a series of case
studies of particular regulatory policies and institutions in the
UK, Germany, France, Spain and the EU. Part three evaluates current
policy and institutional developments, pointing out how the lack of
a tradition of statutory regulation in Europe affects the design of
the new institutions.
In this important new book, Giandomenico Majone examines the
crucial but often overlooked distinction between the general aim of
European integration and the specific method of integration
employed in designing an (ill-considered) monetary union. Written
with the author's customary insight and precision, this highly
topical and provocative book reviews the Union's leaders' tradition
of pushing through ambitious projects without considering the
serious hurdles that lie in the way of their success. Regional and
European integration topics are discussed, including credibility of
commitments, delegation of powers, bargaining and influence
activities, adverse selection and moral hazard. The author also
offers a deeper examination of the specific crisis of monetary
integration, arguing that it might be more effectively achieved
with inter-jurisdictional competition and suggesting how
integration should be managed in the globalized world.
For fifty years European integration has been pursued according to
an operational code based on rules which have never been publicly
discussed. This book demonstrates the far-reaching consequences of
the prioritisation of integration over competing values, fait
accompli and other implicit rules of action. The willingness to
sacrifice democracy on the altar of integration is demonstrated by
the monopoly of legislative initiative granted to the non-elected
Commission. Monetary union preceding, rather than following,
political integration is a striking example of fait accompli, and
the reason behind many holes in the EU system of economic
governance. Until now, academics have avoided radical criticism;
Giandomenico Majone argues that only an open acknowledgement of the
obsolescence of the traditional methods can stem the rising tide of
Euro-scepticism.
For fifty years European integration has been pursued according to
an operational code based on rules which have never been publicly
discussed. This book demonstrates the far-reaching consequences of
the prioritisation of integration over competing values, fait
accompli and other implicit rules of action. The willingness to
sacrifice democracy on the altar of integration is demonstrated by
the monopoly of legislative initiative granted to the non-elected
Commission. Monetary union preceding, rather than following,
political integration is a striking example of fait accompli, and
the reason behind many holes in the EU system of economic
governance. Until now, academics have avoided radical criticism;
Giandomenico Majone argues that only an open acknowledgement of the
obsolescence of the traditional methods can stem the rising tide of
Euro-scepticism.
If one lesson emerges clearly from fifty years of European
integration it is that political aims should be pursued by overtly
political means, and not by roundabout economic or legal
strategies. The functionalist strategy of promoting spillovers from
one economic sector to another has failed to achieve a steady
progress towards a federal union, as Jean Monnet and other
functionalists had hoped. On the other hand, the unanticipated
results of 'integration through law' have included over-regulation
and an institutional framework which is too rigid to allow
significant policy and institutional innovations. Thus, integration
by stealth has produced sub-optimal policies and a steady loss of
legitimacy by the supranational institutions. Both the
functionalist approach and the classic Community Method are
becoming obsolete.
This major statement from a leading European scholar provides the
most thorough analysis currently available of the pitfalls and
ambiguities of 50 years of European integration, without losing
sight of its benefits. Majone provides a clear demonstration of how
a number of European policies - including environmental protection
- lack a logically defensible rationale, while showing how, in
other cases, objectives may be better achieved by re-nationalizing
the policy in question. He also shows how, in an information-rich
environment, co-ordination by mutual adjustment becomes possible,
meaning that member states are no longer as dependent on central
institutions as in the past. He explains how the challenge for
future research is to investigate methods-other than delegation to
supranational institutions-by which member states can credibly
commit themselves to collective action.
Dilemmas of European Integration concludes by explaining exactly
why the model of a United States of Europe is bound to fail-not
just due to lack of popular support, but because it finds itself
unable to deliver the public goods which Europeans expect to
receive from a full fledged government. Although failing as a
would-be federation, the present Union could become an effective
confederation, built on the solid foundation of market integration.
The new Constitutional Treaty, Majone argues, seems to point in
this direction.
If one lesson emerges clearly from fifty years of European
integration it is that political aims should be pursued by overtly
political means, and not by roundabout economic or legal
strategies. The functionalist strategy of promoting spillovers from
one economic sector to another has failed to achieve a steady
progress towards a federal union, as Jean Monnet and other
functionalists had hoped. On the other hand, the unanticipated
results of 'integration through law' have included over-regulation
and an institutional framework which is too rigid to allow
significant policy and institutional innovations. Thus, integration
by stealth has produced sub-optimal policies and a steady loss of
legitimacy by the supranational institutions. Both the
functionalist approach and the classic Community Method are
becoming obsolete. This major new statement from a leading European
scholar provides the most thorough analysis currently available of
the pitfalls and ambiguities of 50 years of European integration,
without losing sight of its benefits. Majone provides a clear
demonstration of how a number of European policies - including
environmental protection - lack a logically defensible rationale,
while showing how, in other cases, objectives may be better
achieved by re-nationalizing the policy in question. He also shows
how, in an information-rich environment, co-ordination by mutual
adjustment becomes possible, meaning that member states are no
longer as dependent on central institutions as in the past. He
explains how the challenge for future research is to investigate
methods-other than delegation to supranational institutions-by
which member states can credibly commit themselves to collective
action. Dilemmas of European Integration concludes by explaining
exactly why the model of a United States of Europe is bound to
fail-not just due to lack of popular support, but because it finds
itself unable to deliver the public goods which Europeans expect to
receive from a full fledged government. Although failing as a
would-be federation, the present Union could become an effective
confederation, built on the solid foundation of market integration.
The new Constitutional Treaty, Majone argues, seems to point in
this direction.
In modern industrial democracies, the making of public policy is
dependent on policy analysis-the generation, discussion, and
evaluation of policy alternatives. Policy analysis is often
characterized, especially by economists, as a technical,
nonpartisan, objective enterprise, separate from the constraints of
the political environment. however, says the eminent political
scientist Giandomenico Majone, this characterization of policy
analysis is seriously flawed. According to Majone, policy analysts
do not engage in a purely technical analysis of alternatives open
to policymakers, but instead produce policy arguments that are
based on value judgments and are used in the course of public
debate. In this book Majone offers his own definition of policy
analysis and examines all aspects of it-from problem formulation
and the choice of policy instruments to program development and
policy evaluation. He argues that rhetorical skills are crucial for
policy analysts when they set the norms that determine when certain
conditions are to be regarded as policy problems, when they advise
on technical issues, and when they evaluate policy. Policy analysts
can improve the quality of public deliberation by refining the
standards of appraisal of public programs and facilitating a
wide-ranging dialogue among advocates of different criteria. In
fact, says Majone, the essential need today is not to develop
'objective' measures of outcomes-the traditional aim of evaluation
research-but to improve the methods and conditions of public
discourse at all levels and stages of policy-making.
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