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The Success of Small States in International Relations highlights
the normality and power of small states in international relations.
This book overturns the stereotype that small states, however
defined, are weak and are, or ought to be, consigned to the margins
of international relations. It argues that small states are not
'punching above their weight', or even anomalies - since it is
large states which are the anomaly in the global system. The text
unpacks the nature and character of small state success, while also
looking critically at thirteen episodes in modern history where
small states, singly or collectively, emerged victorious in
confrontations with larger states. The case studies, globally
sourced, are bookended by conceptual and analytic reviews of what
these events mean for diplomacy, international relations and small
states more generally. This book will appeal to scholars and
students of comparative political science and international
relations, particularly from small states, as well as policy makers
and senior small state government officers.
Rounding off the "Rethinking the Island" series, this book shares
critical and creative insights on the methodologies and associated
practices, protocols, and techniques used by those in island
studies and allied fields. It explores why and how islands serve
powerful analytical ends. Authored by three scholars who work in
and across geography, sociology, and literary studies and
incorporating conversations with colleagues from around the world,
the work considers significant, interdisciplinary questions shaping
the field, including on belonging, boundedness, decolonization,
governance, indigeneity, migration, sustainability, and the
consequences of climate change. In the process, the authors model
what it means to think about and rethink island and archipelagic
methodologies and point to emergent innovations in the field.
Comprehensive and timely, this Handbook identifies the key
characteristics, challenges and opportunities involved in the
politics of small states across the globe today. Acknowledging the
historical legacies behind these states, the chapters unpack the
costs and benefits of different political models for small states.
Contributions from key scholars challenge the idealization of the
small state, disputing views that these states are inconsequential
at best and a nuisance to world politics at worst. Offering
evidence-based discussions on their importance to the global
political order, the Handbook explores how small states 'do'
politics, the major opportunities and challenges of policy-making
and implementation, and how they can respond intelligently to these
opportunities. Critical contemporary dilemmas are analysed, with a
particular focus on the rise of nationalism, the collapse of
empires, and the importance of this in relation to small state
politics. Political science, diplomacy and international relations
scholars, particularly those looking at small states, will find
this a rich reference work. Case studies from all major world
regions used in this Handbook will also make it a beneficial read
for practitioners and policy-makers of small states. Contributors
include: D. Anckar, G. Baldacchino, E. Berg, S. Bianchini, L.
Buszynski, A. Chong, J. Connell, J. Corbett, D. Criekemans, J.S.
Elinardottir, J. Eriksson, J. Gurol, F.S. Hansen, T. Long, M.
Maass, R. Pace, D. Panke, R. Pedi, G. Prinsen, T. Randma-Liiv, E.
Rodrigues Sanches, K. Sarapuu, G. Seibert, B. Thorhallsson, W.P.
Veenendaal, K. Vits, L.E. Wehner, A. Wivel
Since the coming into force of the United Nations Law of the Sea,
states have been targeting outlying islands to expand their
exclusive economic zones, simultaneously stirring up strident
nationalism when such plans clash with those of neighbouring
states. No such actions have brought the world closer to the brink
of war than the ongoing face-off between China and Japan over the
Diaoyu/Senkaku islands, an uninhabited archipelago in the East
China Sea. In this timely and original book, Godfrey Baldacchino
provides a detailed exploration of seven tried and tested solution
protocols that have led to innovative 'win-win' solutions to island
disputes over the last four centuries. A closer look at the
circumstances and processes that brought contending regional powers
to an honourable, even mutually advantageous, settlement over
islands provides a convincing and original argument as to why the
conflict over the Diaoyu/Senkaku islands need not conclude in a
'zero-sum' or 'winner takes all' solution, as is the likely outcome
of both open conflict and international arbitration. The book will
be of interest to scholars and practitioners concerned with the
festering Diaoyu/Senkaku dispute, as well as students, scholars and
policy specialists in geography, geopolitics, international
relations, conflict studies, island studies, Asian studies and
history.
Entrepreneurship in Small Island States and Territories is the
first publication to consider the 'creative' side of enterprise in
small island states and territories. Rather than playing out as
remote, vulnerable and dependent backwaters of neo-colonialism, the
world's small island states and territories (with resident
populations of less than 1 million) show considerable
resourcefulness in facing up to the very real challenges of their
predicament. The creative endeavours of their residents,
facilitated by adroit public policy, has created economic and
investment opportunities that translate into some private sector
employment and decent livelihoods for many. Their ingenuity,
coupled with strategic investments and the support of the diaspora,
has led to a suite of (sometimes unlikely) products and services:
from citizenship and higher-level internet domain names, to
place-branded foods and beverages; from electronic gaming to niche
manufacturing. There is much more to small island survival than
subsistence farming, aid, remittances and public sector workfare.
Entrepreneurship in Small Island States and Territories helps to
dispel this myth, showcasing an aspect of life in small island
states and territories that is rarely documented or critically
reviewed.
Islands are concentrated "instances" of place, in every sense of
the term. As such, there are no better candidates for observing and
critiquing the dynamics of globalization. Through the close
analysis of musical performance and traditions, the scholarly
contributors to Island Songs provide a global review of how island
songs, their lyrics, and their singers engage with the challenges
of modernity, migration, and social change, uncovering common
patterns notwithstanding the diversity and local specificity of
their subjects. In this musical exploration of the world of
islands, a shared and deep "sense of place" is celebrated in song.
This collection of essays is no less than a sonic narrative, an
attempt to sing the inherent contradictions and paradoxical
modalities of island lives today. Song lyrics, along with their
accompanying music, can serve as a barometer of life and major
cultural markers of change. Island Songs is a work of sonic
anthropology that does more than probe song as a part of the
sociocultural life on islands. It illuminates how song performs
island life. Gathered here are 15 case study chapters on islands in
the Caribbean, North Atlantic, Mediterranean, Baltic, and the South
Pacific, all framed by four eclectic, conceptual essay
contributions. In Island Songs, islands are presented as distinct
vantage points for observing the merger of the local and the
global, as poignantly expressed through song. This book brings
together the perspectives and experiences of sociologists,
anthropologists, geographers, cultural studies specialists,
folklorists, ethnomusicologists, singers, and musicians. Island
Songs will interest not only ethnomusicologists but any and all
scholars interested in the effects of globalization on traditional
cultures.
Conflicting and competing claims over the actual and imagined use
of land and seascapes are exacerbated on islands with high
population density. The management of culture and heritage is
particularly tested in island environments where space is finite
and the population struggles to preserve cultural and natural
assets in the face of the demands of the construction industry,
immigration, high tourism and capital investment. Drawn from
extreme island scenarios, the ten case studies in this volume
review practices and policies for effective heritage management and
offer rich descriptive and analytic material about land-use
conflict. In addition, they point to interesting, new directions in
which research, public policy and heritage management intersect.
Since the coming into force of the United Nations Law of the Sea,
states have been targeting outlying islands to expand their
exclusive economic zones, simultaneously stirring up strident
nationalism when such plans clash with those of neighbouring
states. No such actions have brought the world closer to the brink
of war than the ongoing face-off between China and Japan over the
Diaoyu/Senkaku islands, an uninhabited archipelago in the East
China Sea. In this timely and original book, Godfrey Baldacchino
provides a detailed exploration of seven tried and tested solution
protocols that have led to innovative 'win-win' solutions to island
disputes over the last four centuries. A closer look at the
circumstances and processes that brought contending regional powers
to an honourable, even mutually advantageous, settlement over
islands provides a convincing and original argument as to why the
conflict over the Diaoyu/Senkaku islands need not conclude in a
'zero-sum' or 'winner takes all' solution, as is the likely outcome
of both open conflict and international arbitration. The book will
be of interest to scholars and practitioners concerned with the
festering Diaoyu/Senkaku dispute, as well as students, scholars and
policy specialists in geography, geopolitics, international
relations, conflict studies, island studies, Asian studies and
history.
The dynamics for any moves for political independence in the 21st
century are very different from those of the 20th. The aspirations
of former colonies to independence are grinding to a halt; the
rationale for selfdetermination is increasingly driven by strategic
and pragmatic economic arguments, and not so much by nationalist
appeals. Meanwhile, creative governance, fiscal vicissitudes and
membership of supra-national bodies have ushered in examples of
'sovereign states' that approximate suzerain entities. Are
independence movements active today aspiring to a different kind of
sovereignty from their 20th century predecessors, one that secures
autonomy at home, but which maintains a special relationship with a
larger, richer, country? This collection critically reviews the
origins, policies and aspirations of independence movements from
the world's subnational island jurisdictions, where a distinct and
separate geography tends to facilitate the emergence of an equally
distinct political and cultural identity. These island territories
are the world's top candidates for achieving sovereign status. And
yet various factors are preventing them from making the final push
towards independence. This book was originally published as a
special issue of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics
Territories like American Samoa, Anguilla, Aruba, Bermuda,
British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cook Islands and the Faroes
are sub-national island jurisdictions (SNIJs). They all share some
measure of autonomous government, and are easily construed as
independent states-in-waiting. Yet, most of these territories
exhibit no urgency to become independent. Instead, they appear to
have decided that there are political and economic benefits
accruing today when island territories are autonomous but not
sovereign. In an uncertain world, a substantial degree of autonomy,
respect and protection for local culture and identity, reasonable
provision of employment opportunities, welfare and security by a
larger and benign metropolitan state, have collectively weakened
most local thrusts for independence. In spite of the mandate of the
United Nations Committee on Decolonisation, there is a strong case
to be made today for non-sovereignty, and it is the SNIJs that
provide clear evidence.
This book is a pioneering investigation of the tourism practices in
the world's other, cold water, islands. Located in extreme
latitudes and subject to extreme weather conditions, these islands
have been developing their tourism appeal in manners that appear
sustainable. They present themselves in images that speak to the
pristine, unique and superlative aspects of their natural
environment, history and culture. Limited seasonality, difficulty
of access, restricted infrastructure, harsh climates and water too
cold to swim in, are integral features of the tourism industry,
often welcomed as appropriate filters to the slide to the mass
market.
The collection contains 13 island case studies. A set of seven hail
from Northern latitudes: Baffin (Nunavut, Canada), Banks (Northwest
Territories, Canada), Greenland/ Kaalaalit Nunaat, Iceland, Lulea
(Sweden), Nunivak (Alaska), Solovetsky (Russia) and Svalbard
(Norway). A second set of four cover the Southerly islands of
Chatham (New Zealand), Falklands, Macquarie (Australia) and Stewart
(New Zealand). Two other chapters discuss islands from the
particular vantage points of cruise ship tourism, one for the
Arctic region and one for the Antarctic. Additionally, five
conceptual chapters provide insights into key tourism management
issues, as they apply to cold water island experiences: (a) human
resources; (b) environment; (c) promotion; (d) seasonality; and (e)
access.
Exploring the conceptual insights provided by the archipelagic
'twist' in the context of tourism principles, policies and
practices, this volume draws on an international series of case
studies to analyse best practice in branding, marketing and
logistics in archipelago tourist destinations. The book asks and
seeks to answer such questions as: How to 'sell' a multi-island
destination, without risking a message that may be too complex and
diffuse for audiences to grab on to? Does one encourage visitors to
do 'island hopping'; and, if so, how and with what logistic
facilities? How does one ascribe specific island destinations
within an overall archipelago brand? Would smaller islands rebel
against a composite branding strategy that actually benefits other
islands? How does one read or craft transport policies as a
function of the 'reterritorialisation' of a multi-island space?
This book pioneers the exploration of the archipelago as tourism
study focus (and not just locus); a heuristic device for rendering
islands as sites of different tourism practices, industries and
policies, but also of challenges and possibilities.
Big or small, islands and their inhabitant communities have long
been the focus of intellectual enquiry, but in recent years a whole
host of new academic institutes, journals, and conferences have
devoted themselves to their study and research. And while early
scholarly work mostly originated from those working in the natural
sciences, and in Physical and Human Geography, Anthropology, and
Archaeology, in the last twenty years or so serious research has
also burgeoned under the rubric of, for example, Cultural
Geography, Regional Development, Environmental Studies, Tourism,
and Identity Studies. This new four-volume collection from
Routledge meets the need for a comprehensive reference work to
allow users to make better sense of this voluminous scholarly and
practical literature. Indeed, the sheer scale-and range-of the
research output makes this title especially welcome. Island Studies
is fully indexed and has a comprehensive introduction, newly
written by the editors, which places the material in its
intellectual context. It is an essential work of reference and is
destined to be valued by scholars, advanced students, and
policy-makers as a vital one-stop research resource.
Exploring the conceptual insights provided by the archipelagic
'twist' in the context of tourism principles, policies and
practices, this volume draws on an international series of case
studies to analyse best practice in branding, marketing and
logistics in archipelago tourist destinations. The book asks and
seeks to answer such questions as: How to 'sell' a multi-island
destination, without risking a message that may be too complex and
diffuse for audiences to grab on to? Does one encourage visitors to
do 'island hopping'; and, if so, how and with what logistic
facilities? How does one ascribe specific island destinations
within an overall archipelago brand? Would smaller islands rebel
against a composite branding strategy that actually benefits other
islands? How does one read or craft transport policies as a
function of the 'reterritorialisation' of a multi-island space?
This book pioneers the exploration of the archipelago as tourism
study focus (and not just locus); a heuristic device for rendering
islands as sites of different tourism practices, industries and
policies, but also of challenges and possibilities.
Territories like American Samoa, Anguilla, Aruba, Bermuda, British
Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cook Islands and the Faroes are
sub-national island jurisdictions (SNIJs). They all share some
measure of autonomous government, and are easily construed as
independent states-in-waiting. Yet, most of these territories
exhibit no urgency to become independent. Instead, they appear to
have decided that there are political and economic benefits
accruing today when island territories are autonomous but not
sovereign. In an uncertain world, a substantial degree of autonomy,
respect and protection for local culture and identity, reasonable
provision of employment opportunities, welfare and security by a
larger and benign metropolitan state, have collectively weakened
most local thrusts for independence. In spite of the mandate of the
United Nations Committee on Decolonisation, there is a strong case
to be made today for non-sovereignty, and it is the SNIJs that
provide clear evidence.
Islands face one of the most pressing issues of our time: how to
balance ecological integrity with economic development and
collective quality of life, including the need for social and
conservation space. Islands are sites of rich and varied human and
ecological diversity, but they are also often characterized by
narrow resource bases and dependency on links to the outside world,
and by their limited ability to determine the actual character of
those links. This volume reviews the challenges of island
development and conservation in the Asia Pacific region. With
emphasis on nature reserves and UNESCO World Heritage sites,
chapters describe the benefits, barriers, and potential pitfalls in
preserving such sites, managing biota, and attracting and
controlling tourism. The book also provides a provocative challenge
to move beyond the typical concerns of sustainability to the more
holistic concept of futurability, or future potential for convivial
human environmental interactions."
From tourist paradises to immigrant detention camps, from offshore
finance centres to strategic military bases, islands offer distinct
identities and spaces in an increasingly homogenous and placeless
world. The study of islands is important, for its own sake and on
its own terms. But so is the notion that the island is a
laboratory, a place for developing and testing ideas, and from
which lessons can be learned and applied elsewhere. The Routledge
International Handbook of Island Studies is a global,
research-based and pluri-disciplinary overview of the study of
islands. Its chapters deal with the contribution of islands to
literature, social science and natural science, as well as other
applied areas of inquiry. The collated expertise of
interdisciplinary and international scholars offers unique
insights: individual chapters dwell on geomorphology, zoology and
evolutionary biology; the history, sociology, economics and
politics of island communities; tourism, wellbeing and migration;
as well as island branding, resilience and 'commoning'. The text
also offers pioneering forays into the study of islands that are
cities, along rivers or artificial constructions. This insightful
Handbook will appeal to geographers, environmentalists,
sociologists, political scientists and, one hopes, some of the 600
million or so people who live on islands or are interested in the
rich dynamics of islands and island life.
Islands face one of the most pressing issues of our time: how to
balance ecological integrity with economic development and
collective quality of life, including the need for social and
conservation space. Islands are sites of rich and varied human and
ecological diversity, but they are also often characterized by
narrow resource bases and dependency on links to the outside world,
and by their limited ability to determine the actual character of
those links. This volume reviews the challenges of island
development and conservation in the Asia-Pacific region. With
emphasis on nature reserves and UNESCO World Heritage sites,
chapters describe the benefits, barriers, and potential pitfalls in
preserving such sites, managing biota, and attracting and
controlling tourism. The book also provides a provocative challenge
to move beyond the typical concerns of "sustainability" to the more
holistic concept of "futurability," or "future potential" for
convivial human-environmental interactions.
Entrepreneurship in Small Island States and Territories is the
first publication to consider the 'creative' side of enterprise in
small island states and territories. Rather than playing out as
remote, vulnerable and dependent backwaters of neo-colonialism, the
world's small island states and territories (with resident
populations of less than 1 million) show considerable
resourcefulness in facing up to the very real challenges of their
predicament. The creative endeavours of their residents,
facilitated by adroit public policy, has created economic and
investment opportunities that translate into some private sector
employment and decent livelihoods for many. Their ingenuity,
coupled with strategic investments and the support of the diaspora,
has led to a suite of (sometimes unlikely) products and services:
from citizenship and higher-level internet domain names, to
place-branded foods and beverages; from electronic gaming to niche
manufacturing. There is much more to small island survival than
subsistence farming, aid, remittances and public sector workfare.
Entrepreneurship in Small Island States and Territories helps to
dispel this myth, showcasing an aspect of life in small island
states and territories that is rarely documented or critically
reviewed.
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Tourism and Resilience (Hardcover)
Richard Butler; Contributions by Bruno Abegg, Arjen Alberts, Maria Amoamo, Godfrey Baldacchino, …
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R2,792
Discovery Miles 27 920
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This is the first book to address the concept of resilience and its
specific application and relevance to tourism, in particular
tourism destinations. Resilience relates to the ability of
organisms, communities, ecosystems and populations to withstand the
impacts of external forces while retaining their integrity and
ability to continue functioning. It is particularly applicable to
tourism destinations and attractions which are exposed to the
potentially harmful and sometimes severe effects of tourism
development and visitation, but which also can experience increased
resilience from the economic benefits of tourism. Phenomena such as
destination communities, wildlife populations and ecosystems are
discussed, as well as the ability of places and communities to use
tourism and its infrastructure to recover from disasters such as
tsunamis, earthquakes, unrest and disease. This book: * Compares
the relevance of resilience to sustainability * Contains
contributions from many of the leading international authors *
Brings together varying viewpoints of both conceptual and applied
issues * Includes example case studies from Whistler, western
Canada; Sri Lanka; Purnululu National Park, Australia; and the
remote Pitcairn Island in the Pacific Tourism and Resilience is
relevant for researchers, students and practitioners in tourism and
related fields such as development studies, geography, sociology,
anthropology, economics and business/management.
From tourist paradises to immigrant detention camps, from offshore
finance centres to strategic military bases, islands offer distinct
identities and spaces in an increasingly homogenous and placeless
world. The study of islands is important, for its own sake and on
its own terms. But so is the notion that the island is a
laboratory, a place for developing and testing ideas, and from
which lessons can be learned and applied elsewhere. The Routledge
International Handbook of Island Studies is a global,
research-based and pluri-disciplinary overview of the study of
islands. Its chapters deal with the contribution of islands to
literature, social science and natural science, as well as other
applied areas of inquiry. The collated expertise of
interdisciplinary and international scholars offers unique
insights: individual chapters dwell on geomorphology, zoology and
evolutionary biology; the history, sociology, economics and
politics of island communities; tourism, wellbeing and migration;
as well as island branding, resilience and 'commoning'. The text
also offers pioneering forays into the study of islands that are
cities, along rivers or artificial constructions. This insightful
Handbook will appeal to geographers, environmentalists,
sociologists, political scientists and, one hopes, some of the 600
million or so people who live on islands or are interested in the
rich dynamics of islands and island life.
Examining subnational island jurisdictions such as Guantanamo Bay,
Macau, Aruba, the Isle of Man, and Prince Edward Island, Godfrey
Baldacchino shows how these distinct locales arrange special
relationships with larger metropolitan powers. He also deals with
the politics, economics, and diplomacy of islands that have been
engineered as detention camps, offshore finance centres, military
bases, heritage parks, or otherwise autonomous regions. More than a
study of how detached regions are governed, Island Enclaves
displays the ways in which these jurisdictions are pioneering some
of the modern world's most creative - and shadowy - forms of
sovereignty and government.
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