Bad experiences with construction quality, the energy crises of 1973 and 1979, complaints about "sick buildings", thermal, acoustical, visual and olfactory discomfort, the need for good air quality, the move towards more sustainability - all these have accelerated the development of a field that, for a long time, was hardly more than an academic exercise: building physics (in English speaking countries sometimes referred to as building science). The discipline embraces domains such as heat and mass transfer, building acoustics, lighting, indoor environmental quality and energy efficiency. In some countries, fire safety is also included. Through the application of physical knowledge and its combination with information coming from other disciplines, the field helps to understand the physical phenomena governing building parts, building envelope, whole buildings and built environment performance, although for the last the wording "urban physics" is used. Today, building physics has become a key player on the road to a performance based building design. The book deals with the description, analysis and modeling of heat, air and moisture transport in building assemblies and whole buildings with main emphasis on the building engineering applications, including examples. The physical transport processes determine the performance of the building envelope and may influence the serviceability of the structure and the whole building. Compared to the second edition, in this third edition the text has partially been revised and extended.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

The Austrian Theory of Value and Capital provides a meticulous account of Eugen von Bohm-Bawerk's life, his theory of value, capital and interest within the context of 19th century German economic thought and the development of neoclassical economic theory.This book provides an insight into Bohm-Bawerk's intellectual development, his political leanings and personal background, including a wealth of previously unknown facts. The study also considers the development of economic thought in the 19th century in Germany and Austria. It critically analyses the work and contribution of Bohm-Bawerk and concludes that his analysis belongs to traditional 19th century German economic thought. Closely related to this is the clarification made by the author of what is genuinely 'Austrian' in the 'Austrian theory of value and distribution'. To complement the study of Bohm-Bawerk, the book also contains the first English translation of his letters to Knut Wicksell. This book will be of interest to economic theorists, those interested in Austrian economics and the history of economic thought and economic historians.

This text provides a broad view of the research performed in building physics at the start of the 21st century. The focus of this conference was on combined heat and mass flow in building components, performance-based design of building enclosures, energy use in buildings, sustainable construction, users' comfort and health, and the urban micro-climate.

Gastroenterologic endoscopy has made important progress in the past decade. New techniques and ideas have given it new life. The end of this evolution is not yet in sight. FuIly flexible fiberoptic instruments have eliminated all blank areas from the map of the gastrointestinal tract. Retro- grade visualization of the pancreatic and biliary system has been achieved in conjunction with radiologic methods. Operative endoscopy has de- veloped beyond the removal of foreign bodies, to a stage where laparotomy can be avoided in a number of situations. Hemostasis by laser coagulation and crushing of concrements by ultrasound and electric energy have reached the threshold of clinical applicability. With all these spectacular develop- ments, however, it is important to maintain a firm grasp of the fundamentals of endoscopy. This is the basis of day-to-day success and includes knowl- edge of the proper indications, the ability to manage complications, famil- iarity with the technical properties of the instruments, their skillful handling, and experience in organizing an endoscopy section. Endoscopists, particu- larly members of the Erlangen group, have undertaken the task of charting these fundamentals and of compiling them into a working manual for those already practicing endoscopy or intending to do so. They have been sup- ported in this effort by colleagues from other parts of the Federal Republic of Germany and from Italy.

Bad experiences with construction quality, the energy crises of 1973 and 1979, complaints about "sick buildings", thermal, acoustical, visual and olfactory discomfort, the need for good air quality, the move towards more sustainability - all these have accelerated the development of a field that, for a long time, was hardly more than an academic exercise: building physics (in English speaking countries sometimes referred to as building science). The discipline embraces domains such as heat and mass transfer, building acoustics, lighting, indoor environmental quality and energy efficiency. In some countries, fire safety is also included. Through the application of physical knowledge and its combination with information coming from other disciplines, the field helps to understand the physical phenomena governing building parts, building envelope, whole buildings and built environment performance, although for the last the wording "urban physics" is used. Today, building physics has become a key player on the road to a performance based building design. The book deals with the description, analysis and modeling of heat, air and moisture transport in building assemblies and whole buildings with main emphasis on the building engineering applications, including examples. The physical transport processes determine the performance of the building envelope and may influence the serviceability of the structure and the whole building. Compared to the second edition, in this third edition the text has partially been revised and extended. (Package from print and ePDF)

Durchgefuhrte SchweiBversuche im Rahmen dies es Forschungsvorhabens wertete Herr Dr.-Ing. SALIL KUMAR PAL fur seine Dissertation, TH Aachen 1962, aus. Das Thema der Promotionsarbeit lautet: Automatisches SchmelzschweiBen von StumpfstoeBen dickwandiger Kessel- bleche nach dem Kohlendioxyd-Schutzgas-SchweiBverfahren mit ab- schmelzender Elektrode in Wannenlage Referent: Professor Dr.-Ing. A. H. HENNING Korreferent: Professor Dr.-Ing. habil. K. KREKELER 5 lnhalt 1. Einleitung ..................................................... 9 2. Gang der Untersuchungen ....................................... 10 3. Versuchseinrichtung .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 SchweiBanlage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.1 SchweiBkoepfe ............................................. 12 3.1.2 Steuerungen............................................... 13 3.1.3 Stromquellen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Werkstoffe ................................................ 15 3.2.1 Grundwerkstoff ......... ................................... 15 3.2.2 Zusatzwerkstoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Schutzgas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Registrieren der SchweiBbedingungen ........................ 17 4. Versuchsdurchfuhrung ... ....... .......... ... . ................... 18 4.1 Ermittlung der SchweiBbedingungen ......................... 18 4.2 Messen der Temperaturen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 25 . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Kritische Beurteilung der MeBergebnisse ...................... 26 5. SchweiBnahtprufungen .......................................... 29 5.1 Metallographische Untersuchungen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 29 . . . . . . 5.1.1 Makrogefugeuntersuchungen 29 5.1.2 Mikrogefugeuntersuchungen ................................ 30 5.2 Festigkeitsuntersuchungen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 32 . . . . . . . . 5.2.1 Harteuntersuchungen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.2 Zugfestigkeitsuntersuchungen ............................... 33 5.2.3 Kerbschlagbiegeversuche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 34 . . . . . . . . .

Die spanende Bearbeitung von Kunststoffen hat neben den Massenfabrikations verfahren Pressen, Spritzpressen, Spritzgiessen und Extrudieren eine massgebende Bedeutung. Eine Reihe von Kunststofftypen wird vielfach fur die Herstellung technischer Teile, wie z. B. Zahnrader und Lager bzw. zur Herstellung von Nullserien oder Mustern verwendet und dabei haufig spanend bearbeitet. Wahrend in den dreissiger und vierziger Jahren fast ausschliesslich duroplastische Verbund werkstoffe als technische Teile zum Einsatz kamen, wurde gerade in den letzten Jahren eine Reihe thermoplastischer Kunststofftypen aus Polyvinylchlorid, Poly amid, Polyacetalharz und Polyolefinen bekannt, die - teils in reiner Form, teils als Verbundwerkstoffe - einerseits den mechanisch-technologischen Anforderungen technischer Teile genugen, andererseits aber z. B. durch ihre Schweissbarkeit und gunstigen Gleiteigenschaften gewisse Vorteile gegenuber den Duroplasten haben. Abgesehen von der Herstellung komplizierter Formteile und der Fabrikation von Formteilen in kleinen Stuckzahlen, bei denen eine spanende Bearbeitung vielfach aus wirtschaftlichen Grunden notwendig ist, treten in vielen Fabrikationssparten, wie z. B. der Installationstechnik, der Luftungstechnik, dem Apparate- und Maschinenbau auch gewisse Stufen der Serienproduktion auf. Entscheidend fur die Wahl des Herstellungsverfahrens bestimmter technischer Teile sind neben der Stuckzahl insbesondere die Form des Produktes sowie die Menge des Abfalles bzw. der anfallenden Spane. Grosse Dimensionen, dickwandige Partien, haufiger Dimensionswechsel gleichartiger Produkte sowie Hinterschneidungen zwingen haufig zu einer spanenden Fertigung. Ebenso konnen Forderungen nach engen Toleranzen oder kurzen Lieferfristen der spanenden Fertigung gegenuber dem Spritzgussverfahren den Vorzug geben."

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Middle management spends most of the money in the organization, even if they do not write or sign the cheques. They apply the raw materials, use the spare parts and manage the resources, including the workers. This group of managers is responsible for making the products and therefore actually manufactures the income. This title will help them and other managers. Many managers with years of experience found a lot of useful tips, ideas and practical advice from this book, especially the chapters on team building. For many years the book industry has been writing for managers who already know how to manage, but needs to go the next level, or from the the top level to a level of excellence. This book, ManagementOne, was written to equip and empower the manager who needs to start the journey on a solid foundation. For some unknown reason the subject of management is not presented in schools from the age of 10 so that we all have a head start by the time we start working. Most successful managers started at the bottom and had to gather information and knowhow from all over the place. This book provides all you need to get started or to become a better manager. Once you worked through this book you will start to make sense of the 1000's of management books available and nothing will stop you from becoming a great leader and a great manager. You must start from a solid baseline, this book is the one you need. The book has a help for seasoned managers, for example Chapter 7 that deals with communication and how to adapt yourself to communicate better. Without realizing it many managers think that all the workers must adapt to their style or leave. In the book this mistake is best illustrated by the question: What language must you learn if you want to "hello" in Spain. The answer: Learn to say "hello" in Spanish. It does not matter what language you speak at home, in Spain you will say "Buenos dias". Realise this concept and your experience with others will change for better in a big way. All people in relationships must read and study this chapter. It is life changing, or work changing if you apply it at work. This book is a very good help for the Senior manager who wants invest in the younger and junior managers to teach and help them. It covers all the basics and he can spend his time teaching and coaching his managers in the application of the material rather finding and selecting material.

Considerable emphasis has been placed on the interactions between environmental change and forests in recent years. Reports have been produced detailing scenarios of forest development associated with particular changes in climate. Similarly, scenarios have been produced looking at likely trends in air quality. However, many studies have failed to recognize that some of the biggest changes for forests are related to the socioeconomic environment rather that the physical environment. This book considers the interactions between forestry and environmental (climatic) change, from social and economic perspectives.

St. Johannes der Taufer in Rumes ist eine weithin sichtbare Landmarke, trotzdem wurde diese Kirche von der Forschung lange Zeit vernachlassigt. Das vorliegende Buch stellt die Geschichte und Entwicklung des Kirchenbaus, sowie dessen Einrichtung vor.